Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc.
Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc. is a leading US-based biotechnology company dedicated to the development, manufacturing, and distribution of therapeutic drugs for severe medical conditions, specializing significantly in retinal disorders including wet Age-Related Macular Degeneration (wAMD). Their flagship product in this field is Eylea (aflibercept), which, alongside its higher-dose iteration, Eylea HD, has become one of the most widely adopted therapeutic drugs globally for treating wAMD. Eylea HD was developed to reduce the treatment burden on patients by offering similar therapeutic results with fewer injections, reflecting the company’s commitment to improving patient quality of life. Regeneron maintains a crucial partnership with Bayer AG for the manufacturing and distribution of Eylea products outside of the US. Furthermore, Regeneron pushes the boundaries of ophthalmic drug development by utilizing advanced technologies such as TRAPS and VelociSuite, which are essential for creating next-generation therapeutic antibodies and ensuring its dominance in the global AMD treatment market.
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F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd
F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd (Roche), headquartered in Switzerland, is a major global player across the pharmaceutical and diagnostics sectors, wielding considerable influence in the Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD) drug market. Roche offers a robust portfolio of treatments for wet AMD, including three FDA-approved drugs: Lucentis, Vabysmo (faricimab-svoa), and Susvimo (a port delivery system). Additionally, Avastin (Bevacizumab) is extensively used off-label for wet AMD due to its affordability. Roche’s commitment to advanced diagnostics and innovative treatments is reflected in its substantial annual investment in R&D. Through its subsidiary Genentech, Roche focuses on developing solutions that reduce the treatment burden on patients. For instance, Susvimo is a permanent, refillable implant that provides continual anti-VEGF treatment, effectively reducing the need for frequent injections. Vabysmo is another advancement, offering efficacy with injections as infrequently as every 16 weeks. Roche’s strategic focus on personalized diagnostics and cutting-edge drug delivery systems solidifies its pivotal role in advancing global AMD care.
Novartis AG
Novartis AG is a multinational Swiss pharmaceutical company that focuses on developing and distributing innovative medicines across key therapeutic areas, with ophthalmology being a strong focus, making it a critical provider in the Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD) market. Following the spin-off of its generic business unit, Sandoz, Novartis became a pure-play innovative medicines company in 2023, intensifying its commitment to specialized therapies. The company markets two FDA-approved drugs for treating wet AMD globally: Lucentis and Beovu (brolucizumab). Novartis is actively expanding the clinical utility of its products, currently conducting phase 3 clinical trials for Beovu to explore its use for diabetic retinopathy. Operating in over 130 countries, Novartis employs various access strategies, including outcome-based and pay-over-time agreements, to ensure its highly effective AMD treatments are both affordable and accessible to patients worldwide. The company’s continuous focus on research and expanding therapeutic options underscores its influence in improving treatment standards for AMD.
Bayer AG
Bayer AG is a diversified global life science company based in Germany, recognized as a significant player in the Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD) drug market primarily through its strategic partnerships and comprehensive global distribution network. Bayer’s involvement is crucial as the co-manufacturer and distributor of Regeneron’s highly successful anti-VEGF drug, Eylea (aflibercept), across international markets outside of the United States. This partnership ensures broad global access to one of the most widely adopted treatments for wet AMD. A recent highlight of their contribution is the successful effort to gain European Commission marketing authorization for Eylea 8mg (high dose). This approval, based on the PULSAR and PHOTON trials, confirmed that the 8mg dose allows for extended dosing intervals, such as every 12 or 16 weeks, without compromising efficacy. By facilitating the distribution and advancement of these therapies, Bayer plays a key role in reducing the treatment burden for AMD patients across Europe and other major global regions.
Astellas Pharma Inc.
Astellas Pharma Inc. is a major Japanese pharmaceutical company that has cemented its position in the Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD) treatment landscape, particularly focusing on the unmet needs of patients with dry AMD, specifically geographic atrophy (GA). The company’s key contribution is Izervay (avacincaptad pegol), a drug approved for GA. The US FDA accepted the Class 1 resubmission of the supplemental New Drug Application for IZERVAY in January 2025. This product is vital in slowing the rate of retina lesion growth associated with GA. Astellas continuously works on its pipeline, aiming to provide flexible and effective treatment options for this degenerative disease. The company’s strategic acquisitions and focus on specialized eye care position it as a significant competitor in the ophthalmology market, offering treatments that address the critical need for therapies to manage advanced forms of dry AMD.
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