The Private LTE & 5G Network Ecosystem: 2020 - 2030 - Opportunities, Challenges, Strategies, Industry Verticals & Forecasts

Table of Contents

1 Chapter 1: Introduction 43
1.1 Executive Summary 43
1.2 Topics Covered 46
1.3 Forecast Segmentation 48
1.4 Key Questions Answered 50
1.5 Key Findings 52
1.6 Methodology 56
1.7 Target Audience 57
1.8 Companies & Organizations Mentioned 58

2 Chapter 2: An Overview of Private LTE/5G Networks 64
2.1 Private Wireless Networks 64
2.1.1 Addressing the Needs of the Critical Communications Industry 64
2.1.2 The Limitations of LMR (Land Mobile Radio) Networks 65
2.1.3 Growing Use of Commercial Mobile Broadband Technologies 66
2.1.4 Connectivity Requirements for the Industrial IoT (Internet of Things) 67
2.1.5 Localized Mobile Networks for Buildings, Campuses & Public Venues 67
2.2 LTE & 5G for Private Networking 68
2.2.1 Why LTE & 5G? 68
2.2.2 Performance Metrics 69
2.2.3 Coexistence, Interoperability and Spectrum Flexibility 69
2.2.4 A Thriving Ecosystem of Chipsets, Devices & Network Equipment 70
2.2.5 Economic Feasibility of Operation 70
2.2.6 Moving Towards LTE-Advanced & LTE-Advanced Pro 71
2.2.7 Private LTE Support in LTE-Advanced Pro 71
2.2.8 5G NR (New Radio) Capabilities & Usage Scenarios 72
2.2.8.1 eMBB (Enhanced Mobile Broadband) 73
2.2.8.2 URLCC (Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency Communications) 73
2.2.8.3 mMTC (Massive Machine-Type Communications) 74
2.3 Private LTE & 5G Network Operational Models 75
2.3.1 Independent Private Network 75
2.3.2 Managed Private Network 76
2.3.3 Shared Core Private Network 77
2.3.4 Hybrid Commercial-Private Network 78
2.3.5 Private MVNO: Commercial Network with a Private Mobile Core 79
2.3.6 Other Approaches 80
2.4 Key Applications of Private LTE & 5G Networks 80
2.4.1 Secure & Seamless Mobile Broadband Access 80
2.4.2 Bandwidth-Intensive & Latency-Sensitive Field Applications 80
2.4.3 Bulk Multimedia & Data Transfers 81
2.4.4 In-Building Coverage & Capacity 81
2.4.5 Seamless Roaming & Mobile VPN Access 82
2.4.6 Mission-Critical HD Voice & Group Communications 82
2.4.7 Video & High-Resolution Imagery 83
2.4.8 Massive-Scale Video Surveillance & Analytics 84
2.4.9 Messaging & Presence Services 84
2.4.10 Location Services & Mapping 85
2.4.11 Command & Control Systems 85
2.4.12 Smart Grid Operations 86
2.4.13 Environmental Monitoring 86
2.4.14 Industrial Automation 87
2.4.15 Connected Robotics 87
2.4.16 Machine Vision 87
2.4.17 AR/VR (Augmented & Virtual Reality) 88
2.4.18 Telehealth & Remote Surgery 88
2.4.19 High-Speed Railway Connectivity 88
2.4.20 PIS (Passenger Information Systems) 89
2.4.21 Delay-Sensitive Control of Railway Infrastructure 89
2.4.22 In-Flight Connectivity for Passengers & Airline Operators 90
2.4.23 Maritime Connectivity for Vessels & Offshore Facilities 90
2.4.24 Telemetry, Control & Remote Diagnostics 90
2.4.25 Unmanned Ground, Marine & Aerial Vehicles 91
2.5 Market Drivers 92
2.5.1 Recognition of LTE & 5G as the De-Facto Platform for Wireless Connectivity 92
2.5.2 Spectral Efficiency & Bandwidth Flexibility 92
2.5.3 Regional Interoperability & Cost Efficiency 93
2.5.4 Endorsement from the Critical Communications Industry 93
2.5.5 Emergence of Unlicensed & Shared Spectrum Technologies 94
2.5.6 Growing Demand for High-Speed & Low-Latency Data Applications 94
2.5.7 Limited Coverage in Indoor, Industrial & Remote Environments 95
2.5.8 Favorable Licensing Schemes for Localized LTE & 5G Networks 95
2.5.9 Control over QoS (Quality-of-Service) 96
2.5.10 Privacy & Security 96
2.6 Market Barriers 97
2.6.1 Lack of Licensed Spectrum for Wide-Area Coverage 97
2.6.2 Funding Challenges for Large-Scale Networks 97
2.6.3 Technical Complexities of Implementation & Operation 98
2.6.4 Smaller Coverage Footprint Than Legacy LMR Systems 98
2.6.5 Competition from IEEE 802.16s, AeroMACS, WiGRID & Other Technologies 98
2.6.6 Delayed Standardization 99

3 Chapter 3: System Architecture & Technologies for Private LTE/5G Networks 100
3.1 Architectural Components of Private LTE & 5G Networks 100
3.1.1 UE (User Equipment) 101
3.1.2 E-UTRAN – LTE RAN (Radio Access Network) 102
3.1.2.1 eNBs – LTE Base Stations 102
3.1.3 NG-RAN – 5G NR (New Radio) Access Network 103
3.1.3.1 gNBs – 5G NR Base Stations 104
3.1.3.2 en-gNBs – Secondary Node 5G NR Base Stations 104
3.1.3.3 ng-eNBs – Next Generation LTE Base Stations 105
3.1.4 Transport Network 105
3.1.4.1 Backhaul 105
3.1.4.2 Fronthaul & Midhaul 105
3.1.5 EPC (Evolved Packet Core) – The LTE Mobile Core 105
3.1.5.1 SGW (Serving Gateway) 106
3.1.5.2 PGW (Packet Data Network Gateway) 106
3.1.5.3 MME (Mobility Management Entity) 106
3.1.5.4 HSS (Home Subscriber Server) 107
3.1.5.5 PCRF (Policy Charging and Rules Function) 107
3.1.6 5GC (5G Core)/NGC (Next-Generation Core) 107
3.1.6.1 AMF (Access & Mobility Management Function) 109
3.1.6.2 UPF (User Plane Function) 109
3.1.6.3 SMF (Session Management Function) 109
3.1.6.4 PCF (Policy Control Function) 110
3.1.6.5 NEF (Network Exposure Function) 110
3.1.6.6 NRF (Network Repository Function) 110
3.1.6.7 UDM (Unified Data Management) 110
3.1.6.8 UDR (Unified Data Repository) 111
3.1.6.9 AUSF (Authentication Server Function) 111
3.1.6.10 AF (Application Function) 111
3.1.6.11 NSSF (Network Slice Selection Function) 111
3.1.6.12 NWDAF (Network Data Analytics Function) 112
3.1.6.13 Other Elements 112
3.1.7 IMS (IP-Multimedia Subsystem), Application & Service Elements 113
3.1.7.1 IMS Core & VoLTE/VoNR 113
3.1.7.2 eMBMS/FeMBMS – Broadcasting/Multicasting over LTE/5G Networks 114
3.1.7.3 ProSe (Proximity Services) 115
3.1.7.4 Group Communication & Mission-Critical Services 115
3.1.8 Gateways for LTE/5G-External Network Interworking 116
3.2 Key Enabling Technologies & Concepts 117
3.2.1 Critical Communications 117
3.2.1.1 MCPTT (Mission-Critical PTT) Voice & Group Communications 117
3.2.1.2 Mission-Critical Video & Data 117
3.2.1.3 ProSe (Proximity Services) for D2D Connectivity & Communications 118
3.2.1.4 IOPS (Isolated E-UTRAN Operation for Public Safety) 119
3.2.1.5 Deployable LTE & 5G Systems 120
3.2.1.6 UE Enhancements 121
3.2.2 Industrial IoT 122
3.2.2.1 eMTC, NB-IoT & mMTC: Wide Area & High Density IoT Applications 122
3.2.2.2 Techniques for URLLC 123
3.2.2.3 TSN (Time Sensitive Networking) 123
3.2.3 QPP (QoS, Priority & Preemption) 124
3.2.4 High-Precision Positioning 124
3.2.5 End-to-End Security 125
3.2.6 Quantum Cryptography Technologies 126
3.2.7 Licensed Spectrum Sharing & Aggregation 126
3.2.8 Unlicensed & Shared Spectrum Usage 127
3.2.8.1 CBRS (Citizens Broadband Radio Service): Three-Tiered Sharing 127
3.2.8.2 LSA (Licensed Shared Access): Two-Tiered Sharing 128
3.2.8.3 sXGP (Shared Extended Global Platform): Non-Tiered Unlicensed Access 129
3.2.8.4 LTE-U/LAA (License Assisted Access) & eLAA (Enhanced LAA): Licensed & Unlicensed Spectrum Aggregation 129
3.2.8.5 MulteFire 130
3.2.8.6 5G NR-U 131
3.2.9 SDR (Software-Defined Radio) 131
3.2.10 Cognitive Radio & Spectrum Sensing 131
3.2.11 Wireless Connection Bonding 132
3.2.12 Network Sharing & Slicing 132
3.2.12.1 MOCN (Multi-Operator Core Network) 132
3.2.12.2 DECOR (Dedicated Core) 132
3.2.12.3 Network Slicing 133
3.2.13 Software-Centric Networking 134
3.2.13.1 NFV (Network Functions Virtualization) 134
3.2.13.2 SDN (Software Defined Networking) 134
3.2.14 Small Cells 135
3.2.15 C-RAN (Centralized RAN) 136
3.2.16 SON (Self-Organizing Networks) 137
3.2.17 MEC (Multi-Access Edge Computing) 137
3.2.18 Artificial Intelligence & Machine Learning 138
3.2.19 Big Data & Advanced Analytics 139

4 Chapter 4: Vertical Markets, Case Studies & Private LTE/5G Engagements 140
4.1 Vertical Markets 140
4.1.1 Critical Communications & Industrial IoT 140
4.1.1.1 Public Safety 140
4.1.1.2 Military 142
4.1.1.3 Energy 143
4.1.1.4 Utilities 143
4.1.1.5 Mining 144
4.1.1.6 Transportation 145
4.1.1.7 Factories & Warehouses 146
4.1.1.8 Others 147
4.1.2 Enterprise & Campus Environments 148
4.1.3 Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts 148
4.2 Private LTE & 5G Network Case Studies 150
4.2.1 Agnico Eagle 150
4.2.2 Air France 152
4.2.3 ASTRID's BLM (Blue Light Mobile) Service 155
4.2.4 BBB (BB Backbone Corporation) 157
4.2.5 Beach Energy 159
4.2.6 Busan Transportation Corporation 162
4.2.7 China Southern Power Grid 164
4.2.8 Daimler/Mercedes-Benz Cars 166
4.2.9 EAN (European Aviation Network) 168
4.2.10 Elektro (Neoenergia/Iberdrola) 171
4.2.11 Enel Group 173
4.2.12 FirstNet (First Responder Network) Authority 176
4.2.13 France's PCSTORM Critical Communications Broadband Project 180
4.2.14 French Army 183
4.2.15 German Armed Forces (Bundeswehr) 186
4.2.16 Gold Fields 188
4.2.17 Halton Regional Police Service 190
4.2.18 Heathrow Airport 192
4.2.19 INET (Infrastructure Networks) 194
4.2.20 Kenyan Police Service 197
4.2.21 KMA (Korea Military Academy) 199
4.2.22 KRNA (Korea Rail Network Authority) 201
4.2.23 LG Chem 204
4.2.24 Nedaa 206
4.2.25 Ocado 208
4.2.26 PGA Tour 210
4.2.27 Port of Rotterdam 212
4.2.28 PSCA (Punjab Safe Cities Authority) 214
4.2.29 Qatar MOI (Ministry of Interior) 216
4.2.30 RESCAN (Canary Islands Network for Emergency and Security) 218
4.2.31 Rio Tinto Group 220
4.2.32 Rivas Vaciamadrid City Council 223
4.2.33 Royal Thai Police 225
4.2.34 Shanghai Police Department 228
4.2.35 South Korea’s Safe-Net (National Disaster Safety Communications Network) 230
4.2.36 Southern Linc 233
4.2.37 Tampnet 236
4.2.38 U.S. Navy 239
4.2.39 Ukkoverkot 241
4.2.40 UN (United Nations) 245
4.2.41 United Kingdom’s ESN (Emergency Services Network) 247
4.2.42 Zhengzhou Metro 252
4.3 Review of Other Private LTE & 5G Network Engagements 254
4.3.1 Asia Pacific 254
4.3.1.1 Bangladesh 254
4.3.1.2 Australia 254
4.3.1.3 China 256
4.3.1.4 Hong Kong 258
4.3.1.5 India 258
4.3.1.6 Indonesia 259
4.3.1.7 Japan 260
4.3.1.8 Laos 261
4.3.1.9 Malaysia 262
4.3.1.10 New Zealand 262
4.3.1.11 Pakistan 263
4.3.1.12 Philippines 264
4.3.1.13 Singapore 265
4.3.1.14 South Korea 266
4.3.1.15 Thailand 269
4.3.1.16 Other Countries 270
4.3.2 Europe 270
4.3.2.1 Austria 270
4.3.2.2 Belgium 271
4.3.2.3 Czech Republic 271
4.3.2.4 Denmark 272
4.3.2.5 Estonia 272
4.3.2.6 Finland 273
4.3.2.7 France 274
4.3.2.8 Germany 278
4.3.2.9 Hungary 280
4.3.2.10 Ireland 280
4.3.2.11 Italy 281
4.3.2.12 Netherlands 282
4.3.2.13 Norway 285
4.3.2.14 Poland 286
4.3.2.15 Portugal 286
4.3.2.16 Russia 286
4.3.2.17 Serbia 288
4.3.2.18 Slovenia 288
4.3.2.19 Spain 289
4.3.2.20 Sweden 291
4.3.2.21 Switzerland 293
4.3.2.22 Turkey 294
4.3.2.23 United Kingdom 295
4.3.2.24 Other Countries 298
4.3.3 Latin & Central America 298
4.3.3.1 Argentina 298
4.3.3.2 Bolivia 299
4.3.3.3 Brazil 299
4.3.3.4 Chile 301
4.3.3.5 Colombia 301
4.3.3.6 Ecuador 302
4.3.3.7 Mexico 302
4.3.3.8 Peru 303
4.3.3.9 Trinidad & Tobago 304
4.3.3.10 Venezuela 304
4.3.3.11 Other Countries 305
4.3.4 Middle East & Africa 305
4.3.4.1 Algeria 305
4.3.4.2 Cameroon 306
4.3.4.3 Côte d'Ivoire 306
4.3.4.4 Egypt 306
4.3.4.5 Ethiopia 306
4.3.4.6 GCC (Gulf Corporation Council) Countries 306
4.3.4.6.1 Oman 306
4.3.4.6.2 Qatar 307
4.3.4.6.3 Saudi Arabia 307
4.3.4.6.4 United Arab Emirates 308
4.3.4.7 Ghana 310
4.3.4.8 Iraq 310
4.3.4.9 Israel 310
4.3.4.10 Jordan 311
4.3.4.11 Kenya 311
4.3.4.12 Lebanon 312
4.3.4.13 Madagascar 312
4.3.4.14 Mali 312
4.3.4.15 Mauritius 312
4.3.4.16 Morocco 312
4.3.4.17 Nigeria 313
4.3.4.18 Republic of the Congo 313
4.3.4.19 South Africa 313
4.3.4.20 Zambia 314
4.3.4.21 Other Countries 315
4.3.5 North America 315
4.3.5.1 Canada 315
4.3.5.2 United States 318

5 Chapter 5: Spectrum Availability, Allocation & Usage 324
5.1 Frequency Bands for Private LTE & 5G Networks 324
5.1.1 Licensed Spectrum for Local, Regional & National Private Networks 324
5.1.1.1 200/230 MHz 324
5.1.1.2 400/420/450 MHz 325
5.1.1.3 600 MHz 327
5.1.1.4 700 MHz 327
5.1.1.5 800 MHz 329
5.1.1.6 900 MHz 330
5.1.1.7 1.4 GHz 330
5.1.1.8 1.8 GHz 331
5.1.1.9 1.9 GHz 332
5.1.1.10 2.1 GHz 333
5.1.1.11 2.3 GHz 333
5.1.1.12 2.4 GHz 333
5.1.1.13 2.5 GHz 334
5.1.1.14 2.6 GHz 334
5.1.1.15 3.5 GHz 335
5.1.1.16 3.6 GHz 335
5.1.1.17 3.7 GHz 336
5.1.1.18 4.6 – 4.8 GHz 336
5.1.1.19 4.9 GHz 336
5.1.1.20 5.9 GHz 337
5.1.1.21 26 GHz 337
5.1.1.22 28 GHz 338
5.1.1.23 Other Bands 338
5.1.2 Shared Access Spectrum 339
5.1.2.1 2.3 GHz LSA Band 339
5.1.2.2 3.5 GHz (3.55 – 3.7 GHz) CBRS Band 339
5.1.2.3 3.7 – 4.2 GHz C-Band 340
5.1.2.4 8 GHz 340
5.1.2.5 26 GHz 341
5.1.2.6 28 GHz 341
5.1.2.7 37 GHz 341
5.1.2.8 Others Bands 341
5.1.3 License Exempt Spectrum 342
5.1.3.1 470/800/900 MHz 342
5.1.3.2 1.8 GHz DECT Guard Band 342
5.1.3.3 1.9 GHz sXGP/DECT Band 343
5.1.3.4 2.4 GHz 343
5.1.3.5 5 GHz 343
5.1.3.6 6 GHz (5.925 – 7.125 GHz) 344
5.1.3.7 57 – 71 GHz 344
5.1.3.8 Other Bands 344
5.2 Spectrum Regulation, Sharing & Management 345
5.2.1 National Frequency Regulators 345
5.2.1.1 Identification & Allocation of Spectrum for Private LTE/5G Networks 345
5.2.2 ITU-R (International Telecommunication Union Radiocommunication Sector) 345
5.2.2.1 International & Regional Harmonization of Spectrum 345
5.2.3 CEPT (European Conference of Postal and Telecommunications Administrations) 346
5.2.3.1 ECC (Electronic Communications Committee): Common Policies for Private LTE/5G Spectrum in Europe 346
5.2.3.2 Broadband PPDR (Public Protection and Disaster Relief) Networks 347
5.2.3.3 Radio Spectrum for Railway Applications 347
5.2.4 ETSI (European Telecommunications Standards Institute) 348
5.2.4.1 Standards for the Implementation of LSA (Licensed Shared Access) 348
5.2.5 450 MHz Alliance 348
5.2.5.1 Promoting the Use of 450 MHz for LTE Networks 348
5.2.6 CBRS Alliance 349
5.2.6.1 OnGo Certification Program 349
5.2.7 DSA (Dynamic Spectrum Alliance) 349
5.2.7.1 Advocacy Efforts for the Dynamic Sharing of Spectrum 350
5.2.8 MulteFire Alliance 350
5.2.8.1 Release 1.0: LTE Operation in the Unlicensed 5 GHz Band 350
5.2.8.2 Release 1.1: Support for Industrial IoT & Sub-1/1.9/2.4 GHz Spectrum Bands 350
5.2.9 WInnForum (Wireless Innovation Forum) 351
5.2.9.1 SSC (Spectrum Sharing Committee): CBRS Standards 351
5.2.9.2 Other Committees 352
5.2.10 XGP (eXtended Global Platform) Forum 352
5.2.10.1 Development & Promotion of the sXGP Unlicensed LTE Service 352

6 Chapter 6: Standardization, Regulatory & Collaborative Initiatives 353
6.1 3GPP (Third Generation Partnership Project) 353
6.1.1 Releases 11-14: Public Safety & Critical Communications Features 354
6.1.2 Releases 13 & 14: eMTC, NB-IoT & Unlicensed Spectrum Support 355
6.1.3 Release 15: 5G NR, Mission-Critical Service Enhancements, & Additional Operating Bands 355
6.1.4 Release 16: 5G URLLC for Industrial IoT, 3GPP-LMR Interworking & Railway/Maritime Communications 357
6.1.5 Release 17 & Beyond: 5G-Based Direct Mode, Broadcast & New Vertical Applications 359
6.2 5G PPP (5G Infrastructure Public Private Partnership)/5G-IA (5G Infrastructure Association) 360
6.2.1 Private 5G-Related Activities 360
6.3 5G-ACIA (5G Alliance for Connected Industries and Automation) 361
6.3.1 Industrial Domain Requirements in 5G Standardization, Regulation, Spectrum Allocation & Operator Models 361
6.4 AGURRE (Association of Major Users of Operational Radio Networks, France) 362
6.4.1 Advocacy Efforts for Private LTE/5G Networks in the Transportation & Energy Sectors 362
6.5 APCO (Association of Public-Safety Communications Officials) International 362
6.5.1 Public Safety LTE/5G Advocacy Efforts 363
6.5.2 ANS 2.106.1-2019: Standard for PSG (Public Safety Grade) Site Hardening Requirements 363
6.6 ATIS (Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions) 363
6.6.1 Standardization Efforts Relevant to Private & Critical Communications LTE/5G Networks 364
6.7 BTG (Dutch Association of Large-Scale ICT & Telecommunications Users) 364
6.7.1 KMBG (Dutch Critical Mobile Broadband Users) Expert Group 365
6.7.2 Private LTE /5G-Related Lobbying Efforts 365
6.8 B-TrunC (Broadband Trunking Communication) Industry Alliance 365
6.8.1 B-TrunC Standard for LTE-Based Critical Communications 365
6.9 CAMET (China Association of Metros) 366
6.9.1 Adoption of LTE as the Communications Standard for Urban Rail Systems 366
6.9.2 LTE-M: Specification for Urban Rail Transit Onboard-to-Wayside Communications 366
6.10 CEA (Canadian Electricity Association) 367
6.10.1 PVNO (Private Virtual Network Operator) System for Electric Utilities 367
6.11 CRC (Communications Research Centre Canada) 367
6.11.1 Interoperability Research and Evaluation of Public Safety LTE/5G Networks 367
6.12 DRDC (Defence Research and Development Canada) 368
6.12.1 R&D Efforts in Public Safety & Military LTE/5G Networks 368
6.13 ENTELEC (Energy Telecommunications and Electrical Association) 369
6.13.1 Policy Advocacy & Other Activities Related to Private LTE/5G Networks 369
6.14 ERA (European Union Agency for Railways) 369
6.14.1 Project on the Evolution of Railway Radio Communication 369
6.15 ETSI (European Telecommunications Standards Institute) 370
6.15.1 TCCE (TETRA and Critical Communications Evolution) Technical Committee 370
6.15.1.1 Standards & Guidelines for Critical Communications Broadband 371
6.15.2 CTI (Center for Testing and Interoperability) 372
6.15.2.1 MCX (Mission-Critical PTT, Video & Data) Plugtests 372
6.15.3 TC RT (Technical Committee for Rail Telecommunications) 372
6.15.3.1 FRMCS (Future Railway Mobile Communication System)-Related Standardization Activities 372
6.15.4 Other Technical Committees & Private LTE/5G-Related Standards 373
6.16 EUTC (European Utilities Telecom Council) 373
6.16.1 LTE & 5G-Related Work 373
6.17 EWA (Enterprise Wireless Alliance) 373
6.17.1 Frequency Coordination & Spectrum Advocacy for Private Wireless Networks 374
6.18 GCF (Global Certification Forum) 374
6.18.1 Certification of LTE/5G Devices for Public Safety & Other Critical Communications Networks 374
6.19 Home Office, United Kingdom 375
6.19.1 Public Safety LTE/5G Standardization Efforts 375
6.20 IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force) 376
6.20.1 Standards & Protocols for Mission-Critical Services over LTE & 5G Networks 376
6.21 IGOF (International Governmental Operators’ Forum) 376
6.21.1 Addressing Broadband-Related Issues in Critical Communications 376
6.22 JRC (Joint Radio Company) 377
6.22.1 Frequency Management for Private Radio Networks 377
6.22.2 Spectrum Advocacy for the United Kingdom's Utility Operators 377
6.22.3 Addressing the Impact of 5G on Electric Utilities 378
6.23 KRRI (Korea Railroad Research Institute) 378
6.23.1 LTE-Based KRTCS (Korean Radio-Based Train Control System) 378
6.24 MCOP (Mission-Critical Open Platform) 378
6.24.1 Open Platform for the Development of Standards-Compliant MCPTT Applications 379
6.25 PSBTA (Public Safety Broadband Technology Association) 379
6.25.1 Public Safety LTE/5G-Related Activities 379
6.26 PSCE (Public Safety Communications Europe) 380
6.26.1 Public Safety LTE/5G Standardization 380
6.26.2 BroadX Projects: Pan-European Interoperable Broadband Mobile System for Public Safety 380
6.27 PSCR (Public Safety Communications Research) Program 383
6.27.1 Technology Development & Standardization Efforts for Public Safety LTE/5G 383
6.28 PSTA (Public Safety Technology Alliance) 384
6.28.1 Certified Open Standards & APIs for Public Safety Communications 384
6.29 Public Safety Canada 384
6.29.1 Participation in the Federal PSBN (Public Safety Broadband Network) Task Team 384
6.30 Safe-Net Forum 385
6.30.1 Guidance & Ecosystem Development for Public Safety LTE Networks 385
6.31 SCF (Small Cell Forum) 386
6.31.1 Specifications for Enterprise & Unlicensed Small Cells 386
6.32 Seamless Air Alliance 386
6.32.1 Technical Specifications and Recommendations for In-Flight LTE & 5G Connectivity 387
6.33 Shift2Rail 387
6.33.1 Railway Communications-Related R&D Efforts 387
6.33.1.1 TD (Technical Demonstrator) 2.1: Development of a New Communication System 388
6.34 TCCA (The Critical Communications Association) 388
6.34.1 CCBG (Critical Communications Broadband Group) 389
6.34.2 BIG (Broadband Industry Group) 389
6.35 TIA (Telecommunications Industry Association) 390
6.35.1 TR-8.8: Subcommittee on Broadband Data Systems 390
6.36 TTA (Telecommunications Technology Association, South Korea) 390
6.36.1 Functional Requirements for Public Safety LTE 390
6.36.2 LTE-R (LTE Based Railway Communication System) 391
6.36.3 LTE-M (LTE-Maritime) 391
6.37 U.S. NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology) 391
6.37.1 CTL (Communications Technology Laboratory): R&D Leadership for FirstNet 392
6.38 U.S. NPSTC (National Public Safety Telecommunications Council) 392
6.38.1 Early Leadership in Public Safety LTE 393
6.38.2 LMR-LTE Integration, Deployable Systems & Other Work 393
6.39 U.S. NTIA (National Telecommunications and Information Administration) 393
6.39.1 FirstNet Governance & Funding 393
6.39.2 Other Work Related to Private & Critical Communications LTE/5G Networks 394
6.40 UBBA (Utility Broadband Alliance) 394
6.40.1 Efforts to Advance Private Broadband Networks for Utilities 394
6.41 UIC (International Union of Railways) 395
6.41.1 Replacing GSM-R with Next-Generation Wireless Technologies 395
6.41.2 FRMCS (Future Railway Mobile Communication System) Project 395
6.42 UNIFE (The European Rail Supply Industry Association) 396
6.42.1 UNITEL Committee: Development & Implementation of Future Interoperable Railway Communications Systems 396
6.43 UTC (Utilities Technology Council) 397
6.43.1 LTE & 5G-Related Advocacy, Technology Development & Policy Efforts 397
6.44 UTCAL (Utilities Telecom & Technology Council América Latina) 397
6.44.1 Promoting the Adoption of Private LTE/5G Systems for Latin American Utilities 398
6.45 Vendor-Led Alliances 398
6.45.1 Huawei's eLTE Industry Alliance 398
6.45.2 Nokia's Mission Critical Communications Alliance 398
6.45.3 L3Harris' Mission Critical Alliance 399
6.46 Others 399
6.46.1 National Government Agencies & Regulators 399
6.46.2 Regional & Country-Specific Associations 400
6.46.3 Global Industry Associations & Organizations 401

7 Chapter 7: Future Roadmap & Value Chain 404
7.1 Future Roadmap 404
7.1.1 Pre-2020: Continued Investments for Both Mission & Business Critical Needs 404
7.1.2 2020 – 2025: Commercial Maturity of Unlicensed/Shared Spectrum & Private 5G Infrastructure 407
7.1.3 2025 – 2030: Mass-Market Adoption of Private LTE/5G Networks for Vertical Industries 408
7.2 Value Chain 408
7.2.1 Enabling Technology Providers 409
7.2.2 RAN, Mobile Core & Transport Infrastructure Suppliers 410
7.2.3 Terminal Equipment Vendors 410
7.2.4 System Integrators 410
7.2.5 Application Developers 410
7.2.6 Test, Measurement & Performance Specialists 411
7.2.7 Mobile Operators 411
7.2.8 MVNOs 411
7.2.9 Vertical Industries, Enterprises & Other End Users 411

8 Chapter 8: Key Ecosystem Players 413
8.1 4K Solutions 413
8.2 ABB 415
8.3 Accelleran 416
8.4 Accton Technology Corporation/IgniteNet 417
8.5 Accuver/Qucell/InnoWireless 418
8.6 Ace Technologies Corporation 420
8.7 AceAxis 421
8.8 Adax 422
8.9 ADLINK Technology 423
8.10 ADRF (Advanced RF Technologies) 424
8.11 ADTRAN 425
8.12 ADVA Optical Networking 427
8.13 Advantech 428
8.14 Aegex Technologies 429
8.15 Affarii Technologies 430
8.16 Affirmed Networks 431
8.17 Airbus/SLC (Secure Land Communications) 432
8.18 Airgain 434
8.19 Airrays 435
8.20 Airspan Networks/Dense Air/Mimosa Networks 436
8.21 Airwavz Solutions 438
8.22 Alea/Talkway 439
8.23 Alepo 440
8.24 Alliander (450connect/Utility Connect) 441
8.25 Allied Telesis 442
8.26 Alpha Networks 443
8.27 Alpha Technologies/EnerSys 444
8.28 Alstom 445
8.29 Altaeros 446
8.30 Altair Semiconductor 447
8.31 ALTÁN Redes 448
8.32 Altice USA 449
8.33 Altiostar Networks 450
8.34 Altran 451
8.35 Alvarion Technologies/SuperCom 453
8.36 AM Telecom 455
8.37 Amarisoft 456
8.38 Amazon 457
8.39 Ambra Solutions/Ecotel 458
8.40 Amdocs 460
8.41 American Tower Corporation 462
8.42 Amit Wireless 463
8.43 Amphenol Corporation 464
8.44 Anktion (Fujian) Technology 465
8.45 Anritsu Corporation 466
8.46 ANS (Advanced Network Services) 467
8.47 Antenna Company 468
8.48 Anterix (pdvWireless) 469
8.49 Apple 470
8.50 Aqura Technologies (Veris) 471
8.51 Arcadyan Technology Corporation 472
8.52 Archos 473
8.53 Arete M 474
8.54 Argela/Netsia 475
8.55 ArgoNET 477
8.56 ARM 478
8.57 Arqiva 479
8.58 Artemis Networks/Rearden 480
8.59 Artesyn Embedded Computing/SMART Global Holdings 481
8.60 Artiza Networks 482
8.61 ASELSAN 483
8.62 ASOCS 485
8.63 Assured Wireless Corporation 486
8.64 ASTRI (Hong Kong Applied Science and Technology Research Institute) 487
8.65 ASUS (ASUSTeK Computer)/Askey Computer Corporation/Aaeon Technology 489
8.66 AT&T 490
8.67 Atel Antennas 491
8.68 Athonet 492
8.69 ATN International/Geoverse 493
8.70 Atos/Air-Lynx 494
8.71 AttoCore 495
8.72 Avanti Communications Group 496
8.73 AVI 497
8.74 Aviat Networks 498
8.75 Axon 500
8.76 Axxcelera Broadband Wireless (Axxcss Wireless Solutions) 501
8.77 Axxcss Wireless Solutions 502
8.78 Azcom Technology 503
8.79 Azetti Networks 504
8.80 BAE Systems 505
8.81 BAI Communications/Transit Wireless 506
8.82 Baicells Technologies 507
8.83 BandRich 508
8.84 BandwidthX 509
8.85 Barrett Communications 510
8.86 BARTEC/Pixavi 511
8.87 BATS (Broadband Antenna Tracking Systems) 512
8.88 Baylin Technologies (Galtronics Corporation, Advantech Wireless, Alga Microwave) 513
8.89 BCE (Bell Canada) 515
8.90 BEC Technologies 516
8.91 Beeper Communications 517
8.92 Benetel 518
8.93 BesoVideo 519
8.94 Billion Electric 520
8.95 Bird Technologies 521
8.96 Bittium Corporation 522
8.97 Black & Veatch 524
8.98 Black Box Corporation 525
8.99 Blackned 526
8.100 Blue Danube Systems 527
8.101 Blue Wireless 528
8.102 Bluebird 529
8.103 BLUnet (Axpo WZ-Systems) 530
8.104 Boingo Wireless 531
8.105 Bombardier 532
8.106 Booz Allen Hamilton 533
8.107 Bouygues Telecom 534
8.108 Boxchip 535
8.109 Broadcom 536
8.110 BroadForward 537
8.111 Broadpeak 538
8.112 BTI Wireless 539
8.113 Bullitt/Cat Phones (Caterpillar)/Land Rover Explore 540
8.114 Bureau Veritas/7Layers 541
8.115 BVSystems (Berkeley Varitronics Systems) 542
8.116 C Spire 543
8.117 CableFree (Wireless Excellence) 544
8.118 CableLabs/Kyrio 545
8.119 CACI International/LGS Innovations 546
8.120 CalAmp/LoJack 548
8.121 Cambium Networks 549
8.122 Cambridge Consultants 550
8.123 CapX Nederland 551
8.124 Casa Systems/NetComm Wireless 552
8.125 Casio Computer Company 554
8.126 CCI (Communication Components Inc.)/BLiNQ Networks 555
8.127 CCI Systems 556
8.128 CCN (Cirrus Core Networks) 557
8.129 CellAntenna Corporation 558
8.130 Cellnex Telecom 559
8.131 cellXica 560
8.132 Centerline Communications 561
8.133 Ceragon Networks 562
8.134 Challenge Networks 563
8.135 Charter Communications 564
8.136 Chemring Technology Solutions 565
8.137 Cheytec Telecommunications 566
8.138 China Mobile 567
8.139 China Telecom 568
8.140 China Unicom 569
8.141 CHPC (Cirtek Holdings Philippines Corporation)/ Quintel 570
8.142 CICT (China Information and Communication Technology Group)/China Xinke Group 571
8.143 Ciena Corporation 573
8.144 Cirpack 574
8.145 Cisco Systems 575
8.146 Cloudstreet 577
8.147 Cobham Wireless 578
8.148 Codan Communications 579
8.149 Coherent Logix 580
8.150 Collinear Networks 581
8.151 Collins Aerospace/United Technologies Corporation 582
8.152 Comba Telecom 583
8.153 Comcast Corporation 585
8.154 COMLAB 586
8.155 CommAgility 587
8.156 CommScope/ARRIS International/Ruckus Networks 588
8.157 Comrod Communication Group 590
8.158 Comtech Telecommunications Corporation 591
8.159 CONET Technologies 592
8.160 Connect Tech 593
8.161 Contela 594
8.162 Coolpad 595
8.163 Cornet Technology 596
8.164 Corning/SpiderCloud Wireless/iBwave Solutions 597
8.165 Cox Communications 599
8.166 Cradlepoint 600
8.167 Crown Castle International Corporation 601
8.168 CS Corporation 602
8.169 Cubic Corporation/Deltenna 603
8.170 CybertelBridge 604
8.171 Dali Wireless 605
8.172 DAMM Cellular Systems 606
8.173 DBcom 607
8.174 DEKRA 608
8.175 Dell Technologies 609
8.176 Delta/Agema 610
8.177 Dialogic 611
8.178 Digi International 612
8.179 Digital Bridge Holdings/Colony Capital 613
8.180 Digital Colony/Freshwave Group 614
8.181 D-Link Corporation 615
8.182 DMI 616
8.183 DragonWave-X 617
8.184 Druid Software 618
8.185 DT (Deutsche Telekom) 619
8.186 Duons 620
8.187 Durabook (Twinhead International Corporation) 621
8.188 Easycom (Shenzhen Easycom Electronics) 622
8.189 E-Band Communications (Axxcss Wireless Solutions) 623
8.190 EchoStar Corporation/Hughes Network Systems 624
8.191 ECI Telecom 625
8.192 Ecom Instruments/Pepperl+Fuchs 626
8.193 EE/BT Group 627
8.194 EION Wireless 628
8.195 Ekinops/OneAccess 629
8.196 Elbit Systems 630
8.197 Elefante Group 631
8.198 Elisa 632
8.199 Elistair 633
8.200 ELUON Corporation 634
8.201 Embraer 635
8.202 Emerson 636
8.203 Encore Networks 637
8.204 ENENSYS Technologies/Expway 638
8.205 Enexis 639
8.206 Epiroc 640
8.207 Ericsson 641
8.208 Essential Products 643
8.209 Estalky (K-Mobile Technology) 644
8.210 ETELM 645
8.211 eTera Communication/Sinotech R&D Group 646
8.212 Etherstack 647
8.213 Ethertronics/AVX Corporation (Kyocera) 648
8.214 ETRI (Electronics & Telecommunications Research Institute, South Korea) 649
8.215 Etteplan 650
8.216 Excelerate Group 651
8.217 EXFO/Astellia 652
8.218 Expeto 653
8.219 ExteNet Systems 654
8.220 Eyecom Telecommunications Group 655
8.221 Facebook 656
8.222 Fairspectrum 659
8.223 Fairwaves 660
8.224 Fastback Networks (CBF Networks) 661
8.225 FCNT (Fujitsu Connected Technologies)/JEMS (Japan EM Solutions) 662
8.226 Federated Wireless 663
8.227 Fenix Group 665
8.228 Fibocom Wireless 666
8.229 Flash Private Mobile Networks 667
8.230 Flightcell International 668
8.231 Fraunhofer FOKUS (Institute for Open Communication Systems) 669
8.232 Fraunhofer HHI (Heinrich Hertz Institute) 670
8.233 Fraunhofer IIS (Institute for Integrated Circuits) 671
8.234 Fraunhofer IPT (Institute for Production Technology) 672
8.235 Frequentis 673
8.236 FRTek 674
8.237 Fujian BelFone Communications Technology 675
8.238 Fujitsu 676
8.239 Funk-Electronic Piciorgros 678
8.240 Funkwerk 679
8.241 Future Technologies Venture 680
8.242 GCT Semiconductor 681
8.243 GE (General Electric) 682
8.244 Gemalto (Thales) 683
8.245 Gemtek Technology 684
8.246 Genaker 685
8.247 General Dynamics Mission Systems 686
8.248 GenXComm 688
8.249 Geotab 689
8.250 Getac Technology Corporation 690
8.251 Gilat Satellite Networks 691
8.252 Globalstar 692
8.253 Gogo 693
8.254 Goodman Networks 694
8.255 Goodmill Systems 695
8.256 Google/Alphabet 696
8.257 Green Packet 698
8.258 GRENTECH 699
8.259 GroupTalk 700
8.260 GSI (GS Instech)/GST (GS Teletech) 701
8.261 GWT (Global Wireless Technologies) 702
8.262 Halys 703
8.263 Handheld Group 704
8.264 HAPSMobile/AeroVironment 705
8.265 Harbor Max 706
8.266 HBFEC (Hebei Far East Communication System Engineering) 707
8.267 HCL Technologies 708
8.268 HFR 709
8.269 HISPASAT Group 710
8.270 Hitachi/Hitachi Rail STS 711
8.271 HMD Global 713
8.272 Hoimyung ICT 714
8.273 Hon Hai Precision Industry/Foxconn Technology Group/Sharp Corporation 715
8.274 Honeywell International 717
8.275 Hoverfly Technologies 718
8.276 HP 719
8.277 HPE (Hewlett Packard Enterprise) 720
8.278 HTC Corporation 722
8.279 Huawei/HiSilicon 723
8.280 Huber+Suhner 726
8.281 Hytera Communications/Sepura/Teltronic 727
8.282 IAI (Israel Aerospace Industries)/Elta Systems 729
8.283 IBM Corporation/Red Hat 730
8.284 Ice Group 732
8.285 Icom 733
8.286 IDEMIA 734
8.287 IDY Corporation 735
8.288 IMPTT 736
8.289 Indra 737
8.290 INET (Infrastructure Networks) 738
8.291 Infinera/Coriant 739
8.292 Infomark Corporation 740
8.293 Infovista 741
8.294 Inmarsat 742
8.295 Inrico (Shenzhen Inrico Electronics) 743
8.296 Inseego Corporation 744
8.297 Instant Connect 745
8.298 Intel Corporation 746
8.299 Intelsat 748
8.300 InterDigital 749
8.301 Interop Technologies 750
8.302 Intracom Telecom 751
8.303 IoT4Net 752
8.304 ip.access 753
8.305 IPITEK (Integrated Photonics Technology) 755
8.306 IPLOOK Networks 756
8.307 Iradio Electronics 757
8.308 Iridium Communications 758
8.309 ISCO International 759
8.310 Iskratel 760
8.311 IS-Wireless 761
8.312 Italtel/Exprivia 762
8.313 ITRI (Industrial Technology Research Institute, Taiwan) 763
8.314 IWT (Innovative Wireless Technologies) 764
8.315 Jaton Technology 765
8.316 JCI (Japan Communications Inc.)/Contour Networks 766
8.317 JMA Wireless/PHAZR 767
8.318 JRC (Japan Radio Company) 768
8.319 Juni Global 770
8.320 Juniper Networks 771
8.321 JVCKENWOOD Corporation/Zetron 772
8.322 Kalmar (Cargotec) 773
8.323 Kathrein Mobile Communication (Ericsson) 774
8.324 KBR 775
8.325 Key Bridge Wireless 776
8.326 Keysight Technologies 777
8.327 Kirisun Communications 779
8.328 Kisan Telecom 780
8.329 Klas Telecom 781
8.330 Klein Electronics 782
8.331 Kleos 783
8.332 KMW 784
8.333 Komatsu/Modular Mining Systems 785
8.334 Konecranes 786
8.335 KPN/KPN Critical Communications 787
8.336 KT Corporation 788
8.337 Kudelski Group 789
8.338 KUKA 790
8.339 Kumu Networks 791
8.340 K-Won/Hunter Technology 792
8.341 Kymeta Corporation 793
8.342 Kyocera Corporation 794
8.343 L3Harris Technologies 795
8.344 Landmark Dividend 797
8.345 LCR Embedded Systems 798
8.346 Leidos 799
8.347 Lemko Corporation 800
8.348 Lenovo/Motorola Mobility 801
8.349 Leonardo 803
8.350 LG Corporation/LG Electronics/LG Innotek 804
8.351 LG Uplus 805
8.352 Ligado Networks 806
8.353 Lime Microsystems 807
8.354 Lisheng Fujian Communications 808
8.355 Lociva 809
8.356 Lockheed Martin Corporation 810
8.357 LS telcom 811
8.358 Marlink Group 812
8.359 Martin UAV 813
8.360 Marvell Technology Group 814
8.361 Mavenir Systems 815
8.362 MediaTek 817
8.363 Mellanox Technologies 818
8.364 MER Group 819
8.365 Metaswitch Networks 820
8.366 Metro Network Services 821
8.367 Microlab 822
8.368 Microsoft Corporation 823
8.369 Microwave Networks 824
8.370 MitraStar Technology Corporation 825
8.371 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation 826
8.372 Mobile Tornado 827
8.373 MobileDemand 828
8.374 Mobilicom 829
8.375 Mobilitie 830
8.376 Motorola Solutions 831
8.377 MP Antenna 835
8.378 MTI (Microelectronics Technology, Inc.) 836
8.379 Multi-Tech Systems 837
8.380 Mushroom Networks 838
8.381 Mutualink 839
8.382 MVM NET 840
8.383 MYT Electronics 841
8.384 N.A.T. 842
8.385 Nash Technologies 844
8.386 NEC Corporation 845
8.387 Nemergent Solutions 847
8.388 Neolink Communications Technology 848
8.389 Neptune Mobile 849
8.390 Net1 International 850
8.391 Netas 851
8.392 NetCity (GEOS Telecom/GEOS Holding) 852
8.393 Netgear 853
8.394 NetMotion Software 854
8.395 NetNumber 855
8.396 NETSCOUT Systems 856
8.397 Neutral Connect Networks/Connectivity Wireless Solutions (M/C Partners) 857
8.398 New Postcom Equipment 858
8.399 Nextivity 859
8.400 NI (National Instruments) 860
8.401 Node-H 861
8.402 Nokia 862
8.403 Nominet 864
8.404 Nordic Telecom 865
8.405 Northrop Grumman Corporation 866
8.406 Nsight/Cellcom 867
8.407 Nubia Technology (ZTE) 868
8.408 NuRAN Wireless/Nutaq Innovation 869
8.409 NXP Semiconductors 870
8.410 Oceus Networks 871
8.411 Octasic 873
8.412 ODN (Orbital Data Network) 874
8.413 Omnitele 875
8.414 One2many 876
8.415 OneWeb 877
8.416 OPPO/Vivo/OnePlus/Realme (BBK Electronics Corporation) 878
8.417 Oracle Communications 879
8.418 Orange 880
8.419 Orion Labs 881
8.420 PacStar (Pacific Star Communications) 882
8.421 Panasonic Corporation/Panasonic Avionics Corporation/AeroMobile Communications 883
8.422 Panda Electronics 884
8.423 Panorama Antennas 885
8.424 Parallel Wireless 886
8.425 Parsons Corporation 887
8.426 Pavlov Media 888
8.427 PCTEL 889
8.428 PCTEST Lab (PCTEST Engineering Laboratory) 890
8.429 Pei Tel Communications/Peiker 891
8.430 Pentonet 892
8.431 Pepro 893
8.432 Perspecta Labs 894
8.433 Phluido 895
8.434 Pierson Wireless 896
8.435 Plover Bay Technologies (Peplink/Pepwave) 897
8.436 PoCStar (Shanli Tongyi Information Technology) 898
8.437 Polaris Networks 899
8.438 Potevio 900
8.439 PRESCOM 901
8.440 PrioCom 902
8.441 PTI (Persistent Telecom Inc.)/NetGenuity/RIVA Networks 903
8.442 Publicis Sapient 905
8.443 Puloli 906
8.444 Qinetiq 907
8.445 QuadGen Wireless Solutions 908
8.446 Qualcomm 909
8.447 Quanta Computer/QCT (Quanta Cloud Technology) 911
8.448 Quantum Wireless 912
8.449 Quectel Wireless Solutions 913
8.450 Qulsar 914
8.451 Quortus 915
8.452 RACOM Corporation 917
8.453 RAD Data Communications 918
8.454 Radio IP Software 919
8.455 Radisys Corporation/Reliance Industries 920
8.456 RADWIN 922
8.457 Rafael Advanced Defense Systems 923
8.458 Rajant Corporation 924
8.459 Range Networks 925
8.460 Raycap/STEALTH Concealment Solutions 926
8.461 Raytheon Company 927
8.462 Red Rover 928
8.463 RED Technologies 929
8.464 REDCOM Laboratories/IMSWorkX 930
8.465 Redline Communications 931
8.466 REMEC Broadband Wireless Networks/Bridgewave Communications/SAGE SatCom (Axxcss Wireless Solutions) 932
8.467 Rescue 42/PodRunner 933
8.468 RF Window 934
8.469 RFS (Radio Frequency Systems) 935
8.470 Ribbon Communications 936
8.471 Rivada Networks 937
8.472 Robert Bosch 938
8.473 Robustel 939
8.474 Rogers Communications 940
8.475 Rohde & Schwarz 941
8.476 Rohill 942
8.477 Rosenberger 943
8.478 RTX A/S 944
8.479 RugGear 945
8.480 Ruijie Networks 946
8.481 S&T/Kontron/Kapsch CarrierCom 947
8.482 Saab 948
8.483 SafeMobile 949
8.484 Safran/ZII (Zodiac Inflight Innovations) 950
8.485 SAI Technology 951
8.486 SAIC (Science Applications International Corporation) 952
8.487 Samji Electronics 953
8.488 Samsung 954
8.489 Sandvik 956
8.490 Sanjole 957
8.491 SBA Communications Corporation 958
8.492 Schneider Electric 959
8.493 Seowon Intech 960
8.494 Sequans Communications 961
8.495 Sercomm Corporation 962
8.496 SES 963
8.497 SFR/Altice France 964
8.498 SGS 965
8.499 Sharp Corporation/Dynabook (Foxconn) 966
8.500 Shentel (Shenandoah Telecommunications Company) 967
8.501 Shenzhen Recoda Technologies 968
8.502 SIAE Microelettronica/SM Optics 969
8.503 Siemens/Siemens Mobility 970
8.504 Sierra Wireless 971
8.505 Signal Information & Communication Corporation 972
8.506 Siklu Communication 973
8.507 Silicom SAS (France) 974
8.508 Simoco Wireless Solutions 975
8.509 Singtel/Optus 976
8.510 SiRRAN Communications 977
8.511 SITRONICS 978
8.512 Siyata Mobile/Uniden 979
8.513 SK Telecom 980
8.514 SK Telesys 981
8.515 SLA Corporation/ESChat 982
8.516 SmartSky Networks 983
8.517 SoftBank Group/BBB (BB Backbone Corporation) 984
8.518 Softil 985
8.519 SOLiD 986
8.520 Soliton Systems 987
8.521 Sonim Technologies 988
8.522 Sony Corporation/Sony Mobile Communications 989
8.523 Sooktha 991
8.524 Southern Linc 992
8.525 Space Data Corporation 993
8.526 Spectra Group 994
8.527 Speedcast International 995
8.528 SPIE Group 996
8.529 Spirent Communications 997
8.530 Sporton International 999
8.531 Sprint Corporation 1000
8.532 SRS (Software Radio Systems) 1001
8.533 ST Engineering iDirect 1002
8.534 Star Microwave 1003
8.535 Star Solutions 1004
8.536 Steep 1006
8.537 Steveco 1007
8.538 STMicroelectronics 1008
8.539 sTraffic 1009
8.540 StrattoOpencell (Digital Colony/Freshwave Group) 1010
8.541 StreamWIDE 1011
8.542 Sumitomo Electric Industries 1012
8.543 Sunsea AIoT/SIMCom Wireless Solutions/Longsung Technology 1013
8.544 Suzhou Aquila Solutions (Aquila Wireless) 1014
8.545 Swisscom/Swisscom Broadcast 1015
8.546 Syniverse Technologies 1016
8.547 System Innovation Group 1017
8.548 T&W (Shenzhen Gongjin Electronics) 1018
8.549 TacSat Networks 1019
8.550 Tait Communications 1020
8.551 Talk-IP International 1021
8.552 Talkpod Technology 1022
8.553 Tampa Microwave (Thales) 1023
8.554 Tampnet 1024
8.555 Tango Networks 1025
8.556 Taoglas 1026
8.557 TASSTA 1027
8.558 Tata Elxsi 1028
8.559 TCL Communication (TCL/Alcatel/BlackBerry) 1029
8.560 TCOM 1030
8.561 TD Tech 1031
8.562 Tech Mahindra 1032
8.563 Technicolor 1033
8.564 Tecom 1034
8.565 Tecore Networks 1035
8.566 TEKTELIC Communications 1036
8.567 Telco Systems/BATM Advanced Communications 1037
8.568 Teldat 1038
8.569 Tele2 Russia/SkyLink 1039
8.570 Telecom26 1040
8.571 Telefónica Group 1041
8.572 Telenor Group/Telenor Maritime 1042
8.573 Telespazio (Leonardo/Thales) 1043
8.574 TeleWare/PMN (Private Mobile Networks) 1044
8.575 Teleworld Solutions 1045
8.576 Telia Company 1046
8.577 Telit Communications 1047
8.578 Tellabs 1048
8.579 Telo Systems Corporation 1049
8.580 Telrad Networks 1050
8.581 Telstra 1051
8.582 Telus 1052
8.583 Teracom Group/Net1 Sweden (Netett Sverige) 1053
8.584 TESSCO Technologies/Ventev 1054
8.585 Thales 1055
8.586 TI (Texas Instruments) 1057
8.587 Tillman Infrastructure 1058
8.588 TIM (Telecom Italia Mobile) 1059
8.589 TLC Solutions 1060
8.590 T-Mobile US 1061
8.591 TOKIE Solutions/Irvees Technology 1062
8.592 Toshiba Corporation 1063
8.593 Trópico/CPqD (Center for Research and Development in Telecommunications, Brazil) 1064
8.594 Twilio/CND (Core Network Dynamics) 1065
8.595 U.S. Cellular 1066
8.596 UANGEL 1067
8.597 U-Blox 1068
8.598 Ubicquia 1069
8.599 UK Broadband/Three UK (CK Hutchison Holdings) 1070
8.600 Ukkoverkot 1071
8.601 UL 1072
8.602 UNIMO Technology 1073
8.603 Unisoc 1074
8.604 UniStrong 1075
8.605 URSYS 1076
8.606 Utility (Utility Associates) 1077
8.607 Vanu 1078
8.608 Verizon Communications 1079
8.609 Vertical Bridge 1080
8.610 Verveba Telecom 1081
8.611 Viasat 1082
8.612 Viavi Solutions 1083
8.613 VINCI Energies/Koning & Hartman/Sysoco 1085
8.614 VinSmart/Vingroup 1086
8.615 Virtualnetcom/VNC (Virtual Network Communications) 1087
8.616 Vislink Technologies 1088
8.617 Vivint Internet 1089
8.618 VMware 1090
8.619 VNL (Vihaan Networks Limited) 1091
8.620 Vodafone Group 1092
8.621 Voentelecom 1093
8.622 Volvo CE (Construction Equipment) 1094
8.623 Voxer 1095
8.624 VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland 1096
8.625 VVDN Technologies 1097
8.626 Wave Wireless 1098
8.627 Wavetel Technology 1099
8.628 Westell Technologies 1100
8.629 WH Bence Group 1101
8.630 Widelity 1102
8.631 WIG (Wireless Infrastructure Group) 1103
8.632 Wildox (Shenzhen Happy Technology) 1104
8.633 Wipro 1105
8.634 Wireless Logic Group 1106
8.635 Wireless Technologies Finland 1107
8.636 Wireless Telecom Group 1108
8.637 WNC (Wistron NeWeb Corporation) 1109
8.638 Wouxun (Quanzhou Wouxun Electronics) 1111
8.639 WTL (World Telecom Labs) 1112
8.640 Wytec International 1113
8.641 XCOM/M87 1114
8.642 Xiaomi Corporation 1115
8.643 Xilinx 1116
8.644 XipLink/Sevis Systems 1117
8.645 Yageo Corporation/Pulse Electronics 1118
8.646 Yanton (Quanzhou Yanton Electronics) 1119
8.647 Yokogawa Electric Corporation 1120
8.648 Z-Com 1121
8.649 Zcomax Technologies 1122
8.650 Zebra Technologies 1123
8.651 Zello 1124
8.652 ZenFi Networks 1125
8.653 Zetel Solutions 1126
8.654 Zinwave/McWane 1127
8.655 Zmtel (Shanghai Zhongmi Communication Technology) 1128
8.656 ZTE/Caltta 1129
8.657 Zyxel Communications Corporation 1131

9 Chapter 9: Market Sizing & Forecasts 1132
9.1 Global Outlook for Private LTE & 5G Network Investments 1132
9.2 Segmentation by Submarket 1133
9.2.1 RAN 1133
9.2.2 Mobile Core 1134
9.2.3 Backhaul & Transport 1134
9.3 Segmentation by Technology 1135
9.3.1 Private LTE 1135
9.3.1.1 RAN 1136
9.3.1.2 Mobile Core 1137
9.3.1.3 Backhaul & Transport 1137
9.3.2 Private 5G 1138
9.3.2.1 RAN 1138
9.3.2.2 Mobile Core 1139
9.3.2.3 Backhaul & Transport 1140
9.4 Segmentation by Spectrum Type 1141
9.4.1 Licensed Spectrum 1142
9.4.2 Unlicensed/Shared Spectrum 1143
9.5 Segmentation by Unlicensed/Shared Spectrum Frequency Band 1144
9.5.1 1.9 GHz sXGP/DECT 1145
9.5.2 2.4 GHz 1146
9.5.3 3.5 GHz CBRS 1147
9.5.4 5 GHz 1148
9.5.5 Other Bands 1149
9.6 Segmentation by Vertical Market 1150
9.6.1 Critical Communications & Industrial IoT 1151
9.6.1.1 RAN 1152
9.6.1.2 Mobile Core 1153
9.6.1.3 Backhaul & Transport 1153
9.6.2 Public Safety 1154
9.6.2.1 RAN 1155
9.6.2.2 Mobile Core 1156
9.6.2.3 Backhaul & Transport 1156
9.6.3 Military 1157
9.6.3.1 RAN 1158
9.6.3.2 Mobile Core 1159
9.6.3.3 Backhaul & Transport 1159
9.6.4 Energy 1160
9.6.4.1 RAN 1161
9.6.4.2 Mobile Core 1162
9.6.4.3 Backhaul & Transport 1162
9.6.5 Utilities 1163
9.6.5.1 RAN 1164
9.6.5.2 Mobile Core 1165
9.6.5.3 Backhaul & Transport 1165
9.6.6 Mining 1166
9.6.6.1 RAN 1167
9.6.6.2 Mobile Core 1168
9.6.6.3 Backhaul & Transport 1168
9.6.7 Transportation 1169
9.6.7.1 RAN 1170
9.6.7.2 Mobile Core 1171
9.6.7.3 Backhaul & Transport 1171
9.6.8 Factories & Warehouses 1172
9.6.8.1 RAN 1173
9.6.8.2 Mobile Core 1174
9.6.8.3 Backhaul & Transport 1174
9.6.9 Other Critical Communications & Industrial IoT Sectors 1175
9.6.9.1 RAN 1176
9.6.9.2 Mobile Core 1177
9.6.9.3 Backhaul & Transport 1177
9.6.10 Enterprise & Campus Environments 1178
9.6.10.1 RAN 1179
9.6.10.2 Mobile Core 1180
9.6.10.3 Backhaul & Transport 1180
9.6.11 Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts 1181
9.6.11.1 RAN 1182
9.6.11.2 Mobile Core 1183
9.6.11.3 Backhaul & Transport 1183
9.7 Segmentation by Region 1184
9.7.1 Submarkets 1184
9.7.1.1 RAN 1184
9.7.1.2 Mobile Core 1185
9.7.1.3 Backhaul & Transport 1185
9.7.2 Vertical Markets 1186
9.7.2.1 Critical Communications & Industrial IoT 1186
9.7.2.2 Enterprise & Campus Environments 1189
9.7.2.3 Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts 1192
9.8 Asia Pacific 1195
9.8.1 Submarkets 1195
9.8.1.1 RAN 1195
9.8.1.2 Mobile Core 1196
9.8.1.3 Backhaul & Transport 1196
9.8.2 Vertical Markets 1197
9.8.2.1 Critical Communications & Industrial IoT 1197
9.8.2.2 Enterprise & Campus Environments 1200
9.8.2.3 Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts 1203
9.9 Eastern Europe 1206
9.9.1 Submarkets 1206
9.9.1.1 RAN 1206
9.9.1.2 Mobile Core 1207
9.9.1.3 Backhaul & Transport 1207
9.9.2 Vertical Markets 1208
9.9.2.1 Critical Communications & Industrial IoT 1208
9.9.2.2 Enterprise & Campus Environments 1211
9.9.2.3 Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts 1214
9.10 Latin & Central America 1217
9.10.1 Submarkets 1217
9.10.1.1 RAN 1217
9.10.1.2 Mobile Core 1218
9.10.1.3 Backhaul & Transport 1218
9.10.2 Vertical Markets 1219
9.10.2.1 Critical Communications & Industrial IoT 1219
9.10.2.2 Enterprise & Campus Environments 1222
9.10.2.3 Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts 1225
9.11 Middle East & Africa 1228
9.11.1 Submarkets 1228
9.11.1.1 RAN 1228
9.11.1.2 Mobile Core 1229
9.11.1.3 Backhaul & Transport 1229
9.11.2 Vertical Markets 1230
9.11.2.1 Critical Communications & Industrial IoT 1230
9.11.2.2 Enterprise & Campus Environments 1233
9.11.2.3 Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts 1236
9.12 North America 1239
9.12.1 Submarkets 1239
9.12.1.1 RAN 1239
9.12.1.2 Mobile Core 1240
9.12.1.3 Backhaul & Transport 1240
9.12.2 Vertical Markets 1241
9.12.2.1 Critical Communications & Industrial IoT 1241
9.12.2.2 Enterprise & Campus Environments 1244
9.12.2.3 Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts 1247
9.13 Western Europe 1250
9.13.1 Submarkets 1250
9.13.1.1 RAN 1250
9.13.1.2 Mobile Core 1251
9.13.1.3 Backhaul & Transport 1251
9.13.2 Vertical Markets 1252
9.13.2.1 Critical Communications & Industrial IoT 1252
9.13.2.2 Enterprise & Campus Environments 1255
9.13.2.3 Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts 1258

10 Chapter 10: Conclusion & Strategic Recommendations 1261
10.1 Why is the Market Poised to Grow? 1261
10.2 Competitive Industry Landscape: Acquisitions, Consolidation & Strategic Alliances 1262
10.3 Which Licensed Spectrum Bands Dominate the Market? 1263
10.3.1 Sub-500 MHz Bands 1263
10.3.2 700/800/900 MHz 1264
10.3.3 1.4 – 3.8 GHz 1264
10.3.4 Higher Frequencies 1264
10.4 Evolving Regulatory Environment for Spectrum Licensing 1265
10.5 Prospects of Unlicensed/Shared Spectrum Private LTE & 5G Networks 1266
10.6 Opportunities for Smaller Vendors & System Integrators 1268
10.7 Opening the Door to Industrial & Mission/Business-Critical IoT Services 1268
10.8 Delivering Ultra-Reliable, Low-Latency Wireless Connectivity for Industry 4.0 1269
10.9 Creating Smarter Cities with Dedicated Wireless Networks 1270
10.10 The Emergence of Private 5G Networks 1271
10.11 Practical Examples of Private 5G Network Applications 1272
10.11.1 UHD (Ultra-High Definition) Video Delivery 1272
10.11.2 Connected Robotics for Factory Automation 1272
10.11.3 Massive-Scale Sensor Networking 1273
10.11.4 AR-Assisted Industrial Applications 1273
10.11.5 VR-Based Military Training Programs 1273
10.11.6 AGVs (Automated Guided Vehicles) 1274
10.11.7 Automated Cranes & Terminal Tractors 1274
10.11.8 Remote Control of Heavy Construction Machinery 1274
10.11.9 Drones for Mission-Critical Services 1274
10.11.10 Teleprotection for Smart Grids 1275
10.11.11 Port & Terminal Automation 1275
10.11.12 5G-Equipped Robots for the Inspection of Gas Leaks 1276
10.11.13 Smart Helmets for Critical Inspections 1276
10.11.14 Predictive Pipe Maintenance 1276
10.12 Continued Investments in Private LTE Networks for Public Safety & Critical Communications 1277
10.13 When Will LTE & 5G NR Replace GSM-R for Railway Communications? 1278
10.14 The Role of Mobile Operators 1279
10.14.1 Operator Built & Managed Nationwide Public Safety Broadband Networks 1279
10.14.2 Private MVNO Arrangements 1279
10.14.3 Operator-Branded LTE/5G Critical Communications Platforms 1280
10.14.4 Local Private LTE/5G Networks as a Managed Service 1280
10.14.5 Private LTE/5G Data Processing with Edge Computing 1281
10.14.6 Logical Slicing of Mobile Operator Network Assets 1281
10.14.7 Dedicated Access to Licensed Spectrum 1281
10.14.8 BYON (Build-Your-Own-Network) Solutions 1282
10.15 The Importance of Roaming in Private LTE & 5G Networks 1283
10.16 Neutral-Host & Wholesale Operators: New Business Models with Private LTE/5G Networks 1283
10.17 Growing Adoption of Deployable LTE & 5G-Ready Systems 1284
10.18 Strategic Recommendations 1284
10.18.1 Vertical Industries & End Users 1284
10.18.2 LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Suppliers 1285
10.18.3 System Integrators 1286
10.18.4 Commercial & Private Mobile Operators 1286

List of Figures

Figure 1: Basic Components of a Digital LMR Network 65
Figure 2: LTE Connection Speed Compared to 3G & Wi-Fi Networks (Mbps) 69
Figure 3: Global LTE & 5G Subscriptions: 2020 – 2030 (Millions) 70
Figure 4: 5G Performance Requirements 72
Figure 5: Independent Private LTE/5G Network 75
Figure 6: Managed Private LTE/5G Network 76
Figure 7: Shared Core Private LTE/5G Network 77
Figure 8: Hybrid Commercial-Private LTE/5G Network 78
Figure 9: Commercial LTE/5G Network with a Private Mobile Core 79
Figure 10: Private LTE & 5G Network Architecture 100
Figure 11: 5G NR-RAN Architecture 103
Figure 12: 5GC (5G Core) Service-Based Architecture 108
Figure 13: Sidelink Air Interface for ProSe (Proximity Services) 118
Figure 14: Transition from Normal Backhaul Connectivity to Isolated E-UTRAN Operation 119
Figure 15: Telefónica's Portable LTE NIB (Network-in-Box) System 120
Figure 16: Use Cases of eMTC and NB-IoT Technologies 122
Figure 17: End-to-End Security in Private LTE & 5G Networks 125
Figure 18: Conceptual Architecture for End-to-End Network Slicing in Mobile Networks 133
Figure 19: NFV Concept 134
Figure 20: C-RAN Architecture 136
Figure 21: Military LTE/5G Network Architecture 142
Figure 22: Key Elements & RF Site Coverage of Air France's Private LTE Network 153
Figure 23: Air France's LTE & 5G Adoption Roadmap 154
Figure 24: IoT Services Over BBB's sXGP-Based Private LTE Network Platform 158
Figure 25: Beach Energy's LTE-Equipped Vehicles 160
Figure 26: Busan Transportation Corporation’s LTE-R Network 163
Figure 27: Inmarsat and Deutsche Telekom's EAN (European Aviation Network) 169
Figure 28: Enel's Future Vision for Private LTE & 5G Networks 174
Figure 29: FirstNet Deployment Plan & Timeline 179
Figure 30: Airbus' BLR-LTE Platform for the French Army 184
Figure 31: Infrastructure Networks' Fast L2 Architecture 195
Figure 32: Infrastructure Networks' Private LTE Network for Critical Infrastructure 196
Figure 33: KRNA's Wonju-Gangneung HSR (High-Speed Railway) Line 202
Figure 34: LG Chem's Private LTE Network for IoT Services 205
Figure 35: Ocado's 4G-Based Wireless Control System for Warehouse Automation 209
Figure 36: User Segments and Applications of the RESCAN LTE Network 219
Figure 37: Rio Tinto's Private LTE Network 221
Figure 38: Key Architectural Elements of the Rivas Vaciamadrid Smart eLTE Network 224
Figure 39: Deployable LTE Platform & Terminals for the Tham Luang Cave Rescue 226
Figure 40: Shanghai Police Convergent Command Center 229
Figure 41: South Korea’s Safe-Net Deployment Plan & Timeline 231
Figure 42: Southern Linc's LTE Network Architecture 234
Figure 43: Tampnet's LTE Coverage in the North Sea 237
Figure 44: Tampnet's LTE & GSM Coverage in the Gulf of Mexico 238
Figure 45: Ukkoverkot's Hardened, Multi-Access Mobile Broadband Service Architecture for Critical Communications 244
Figure 46: United Kingdom's ESN Deployment Timeline 250
Figure 47: Zhengzhou Metro's LTE-Based Train-Ground Communications Network 253
Figure 48: 3.5 GHz CBRS Three-Tiered Shared Spectrum in the United States 340
Figure 49: ETSI's Critical Communications System Reference Model 371
Figure 50: SpiceNet (Standardized PPDR Interoperable Communication Service for Europe) Reference Architecture 381
Figure 51: Future Roadmap for Private LTE & 5G Networks: 2020 – 2030 404
Figure 52: Private LTE & 5G Network Value Chain 409
Figure 53: Global Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1132
Figure 54: Global Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue by Submarket: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1133
Figure 55: Global Private LTE & 5G RAN Revenue: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1133
Figure 56: Global Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1134
Figure 57: Global Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1134
Figure 58: Global Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue by Technology: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1135
Figure 59: Global Private LTE Network Infrastructure Revenue: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1135
Figure 60: Global Private LTE Base Station Unit Shipments: 2020 – 2030 (Thousands of Units) 1136
Figure 61: Global Private LTE Base Station Unit Shipment Revenue: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1136
Figure 62: Global Private LTE Mobile Core Revenue: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1137
Figure 63: Global Private LTE Backhaul & Transport Revenue: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1137
Figure 64: Global Private 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1138
Figure 65: Global Private 5G Base Station Unit Shipments: 2020 – 2030 (Thousands of Units) 1138
Figure 66: Global Private 5G Base Station Unit Shipment Revenue: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1139
Figure 67: Global Private 5G Mobile Core Revenue: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1139
Figure 68: Global Private 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1140
Figure 69: Global Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipments by Spectrum Type: 2020 – 2030 (Thousands of Units) 1141
Figure 70: Global Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipment Revenue by Spectrum Type: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1141
Figure 71: Global Licensed Spectrum Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipments: 2020 – 2030 (Thousands of Units) 1142
Figure 72: Global Licensed Spectrum Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipment Revenue: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1142
Figure 73: Global Unlicensed/Shared Spectrum Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipments: 2020 – 2030 (Thousands of Units) 1143
Figure 74: Global Unlicensed/Shared Spectrum Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipment Revenue: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1143
Figure 75: Global Unlicensed/Shared Spectrum Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipments by Frequency Band: 2020 – 2030 (Thousands of Units) 1144
Figure 76: Global Unlicensed/Shared Spectrum Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipment Revenue by Frequency Band: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1144
Figure 77: Global 1.9 GHz sXGP/DECT Unlicensed Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipments: 2020 – 2030 (Thousands of Units) 1145
Figure 78: Global 1.9 GHz sXGP/DECT Unlicensed Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipment Revenue: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1145
Figure 79: Global 2.4 GHz Unlicensed Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipments: 2020 – 2030 (Thousands of Units) 1146
Figure 80: Global 2.4 GHz Unlicensed Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipment Revenue: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1146
Figure 81: Global 3.5 GHz CBRS Shared Spectrum Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipments: 2020 – 2030 (Thousands of Units) 1147
Figure 82: Global 3.5 GHz CBRS Shared Spectrum Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipment Revenue: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1147
Figure 83: Global 5 GHz Unlicensed Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipments: 2020 – 2030 (Thousands of Units) 1148
Figure 84: Global 5 GHz Unlicensed Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipment Revenue: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1148
Figure 85: Global Unlicensed/Shared Spectrum Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipments in Other Bands: 2020 – 2030 (Thousands of Units) 1149
Figure 86: Global Unlicensed/Shared Spectrum Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipment Revenue in Other Bands: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1149
Figure 87: Global Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue by Vertical Market: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1150
Figure 88: Global Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1151
Figure 89: Global Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT, by Submarket: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1151
Figure 90: Global Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipments in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 – 2030 1152
Figure 91: Global Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipment Revenue in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1152
Figure 92: Global Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1153
Figure 93: Global Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1153
Figure 94: Global Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in the Public Safety Sector: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1154
Figure 95: Global Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in the Public Safety Sector, by Submarket: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1154
Figure 96: Global Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipments in the Public Safety Sector: 2020 – 2030 1155
Figure 97: Global Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipment Revenue in the Public Safety Sector: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1155
Figure 98: Global Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue in the Public Safety Sector: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1156
Figure 99: Global Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue in the Public Safety Sector: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1156
Figure 100: Global Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in the Military Sector: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1157
Figure 101: Global Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in the Military Sector, by Submarket: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1157
Figure 102: Global Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipments in the Military Sector: 2020 – 2030 1158
Figure 103: Global Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipment Revenue in the Military Sector: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1158
Figure 104: Global Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue in the Military Sector: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1159
Figure 105: Global Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue in the Military Sector: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1159
Figure 106: Global Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in the Energy Sector: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1160
Figure 107: Global Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in the Energy Sector, by Submarket: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1160
Figure 108: Global Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipments in the Energy Sector: 2020 – 2030 1161
Figure 109: Global Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipment Revenue in the Energy Sector: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1161
Figure 110: Global Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue in the Energy Sector: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1162
Figure 111: Global Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue in the Energy Sector: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1162
Figure 112: Global Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in the Utilities Sector: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1163
Figure 113: Global Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in the Utilities Sector, by Submarket: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1163
Figure 114: Global Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipments in the Utilities Sector: 2020 – 2030 1164
Figure 115: Global Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipment Revenue in the Utilities Sector: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1164
Figure 116: Global Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue in the Utilities Sector: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1165
Figure 117: Global Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue in the Utilities Sector: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1165
Figure 118: Global Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in the Mining Sector: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1166
Figure 119: Global Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in the Mining Sector, by Submarket: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1166
Figure 120: Global Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipments in the Mining Sector: 2020 – 2030 1167
Figure 121: Global Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipment Revenue in the Mining Sector: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1167
Figure 122: Global Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue in the Mining Sector: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1168
Figure 123: Global Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue in the Mining Sector: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1168
Figure 124: Global Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in the Transportation Sector: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1169
Figure 125: Global Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in the Transportation Sector, by Submarket: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1169
Figure 126: Global Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipments in the Transportation Sector: 2020 – 2030 1170
Figure 127: Global Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipment Revenue in the Transportation Sector: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1170
Figure 128: Global Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue in the Transportation Sector: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1171
Figure 129: Global Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue in the Transportation Sector: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1171
Figure 130: Global Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in the Factories & Warehouses Sector: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1172
Figure 131: Global Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in the Factories & Warehouses Sector, by Submarket: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1172
Figure 132: Global Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipments in the Factories & Warehouses Sector: 2020 – 2030 1173
Figure 133: Global Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipment Revenue in the Factories & Warehouses Sector: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1173
Figure 134: Global Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue in the Factories & Warehouses Sector: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1174
Figure 135: Global Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue in the Factories & Warehouses Sector: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1174
Figure 136: Global Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in Other Critical Communications & Industrial IoT Sectors: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1175
Figure 137: Global Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in Other Critical Communications & Industrial IoT Sectors, by Submarket: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1175
Figure 138: Global Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipments in Other Critical Communications & Industrial IoT Sectors: 2020 – 2030 1176
Figure 139: Global Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipment Revenue in Other Critical Communications & Industrial IoT Sectors: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1176
Figure 140: Global Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue in Other Critical Communications & Industrial IoT Sectors: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1177
Figure 141: Global Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue in Other Critical Communications & Industrial IoT Sectors: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1177
Figure 142: Global Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1178
Figure 143: Global Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in Enterprise & Campus Environments, by Submarket: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1178
Figure 144: Global Private LTE & 5G Small Cell Unit Shipments in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 – 2030 (Thousands of Units) 1179
Figure 145: Global Private LTE & 5G Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1179
Figure 146: Global Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1180
Figure 147: Global Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1180
Figure 148: Global Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1181
Figure 149: Global Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts, by Submarket: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1181
Figure 150: Global Private LTE & 5G Small Cell Unit Shipments in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 – 2030 (Thousands of Units) 1182
Figure 151: Global Private LTE & 5G Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1182
Figure 152: Global Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1183
Figure 153: Global Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1183
Figure 154: Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue by Region: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1184
Figure 155: Private LTE & 5G RAN Revenue by Region: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1184
Figure 156: Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue by Region: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1185
Figure 157: Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue by Region: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1185
Figure 158: Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT, by Region: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1186
Figure 159: Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipments in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT, by Region: 2020 – 2030 1186
Figure 160: Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipment Revenue in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT, by Region: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1187
Figure 161: Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT, by Region: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1187
Figure 162: Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT, by Region: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1188
Figure 163: Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in Enterprise & Campus Environments, by Region: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1189
Figure 164: Private LTE & 5G Small Cell Unit Shipments in Enterprise & Campus Environments, by Region: 2020 – 2030 (Thousands of Units) 1189
Figure 165: Private LTE & 5G Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue in Enterprise & Campus Environments, by Region: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1190
Figure 166: Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue in Enterprise & Campus Environments, by Region: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1190
Figure 167: Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue in Enterprise & Campus Environments, by Region: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1191
Figure 168: Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts, by Region: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1192
Figure 169: Private LTE & 5G Small Cell Unit Shipments in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts, by Region: 2020 – 2030 (Thousands of Units) 1192
Figure 170: Private LTE & 5G Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts, by Region: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1193
Figure 171: Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts, by Region: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1193
Figure 172: Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts, by Region: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1194
Figure 173: Asia Pacific Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1195
Figure 174: Asia Pacific Private LTE & 5G RAN Revenue: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1195
Figure 175: Asia Pacific Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1196
Figure 176: Asia Pacific Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1196
Figure 177: Asia Pacific Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1197
Figure 178: Asia Pacific Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipments in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 – 2030 1197
Figure 179: Asia Pacific Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipment Revenue in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1198
Figure 180: Asia Pacific Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1198
Figure 181: Asia Pacific Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1199
Figure 182: Asia Pacific Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1200
Figure 183: Asia Pacific Private LTE & 5G Small Cell Unit Shipments in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 – 2030 (Thousands of Units) 1200
Figure 184: Asia Pacific Private LTE & 5G Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1201
Figure 185: Asia Pacific Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1201
Figure 186: Asia Pacific Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1202
Figure 187: Asia Pacific Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1203
Figure 188: Asia Pacific Private LTE & 5G Small Cell Unit Shipments in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 – 2030 (Thousands of Units) 1203
Figure 189: Asia Pacific Private LTE & 5G Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1204
Figure 190: Asia Pacific Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1204
Figure 191: Asia Pacific Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1205
Figure 192: Eastern Europe Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1206
Figure 193: Eastern Europe Private LTE & 5G RAN Revenue: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1206
Figure 194: Eastern Europe Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1207
Figure 195: Eastern Europe Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1207
Figure 196: Eastern Europe Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1208
Figure 197: Eastern Europe Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipments in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 – 2030 1208
Figure 198: Eastern Europe Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipment Revenue in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1209
Figure 199: Eastern Europe Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1209
Figure 200: Eastern Europe Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1210
Figure 201: Eastern Europe Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1211
Figure 202: Eastern Europe Private LTE & 5G Small Cell Unit Shipments in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 – 2030 (Thousands of Units) 1211
Figure 203: Eastern Europe Private LTE & 5G Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1212
Figure 204: Eastern Europe Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1212
Figure 205: Eastern Europe Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1213
Figure 206: Eastern Europe Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1214
Figure 207: Eastern Europe Private LTE & 5G Small Cell Unit Shipments in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 – 2030 (Thousands of Units) 1214
Figure 208: Eastern Europe Private LTE & 5G Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1215
Figure 209: Eastern Europe Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1215
Figure 210: Eastern Europe Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1216
Figure 211: Latin & Central America Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1217
Figure 212: Latin & Central America Private LTE & 5G RAN Revenue: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1217
Figure 213: Latin & Central America Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1218
Figure 214: Latin & Central America Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1218
Figure 215: Latin & Central America Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1219
Figure 216: Latin & Central America Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipments in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 – 2030 1219
Figure 217: Latin & Central America Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipment Revenue in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1220
Figure 218: Latin & Central America Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1220
Figure 219: Latin & Central America Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1221
Figure 220: Latin & Central America Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1222
Figure 221: Latin & Central America Private LTE & 5G Small Cell Unit Shipments in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 – 2030 (Thousands of Units) 1222
Figure 222: Latin & Central America Private LTE & 5G Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1223
Figure 223: Latin & Central America Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1223
Figure 224: Latin & Central America Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1224
Figure 225: Latin & Central America Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1225
Figure 226: Latin & Central America Private LTE & 5G Small Cell Unit Shipments in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 – 2030 (Thousands of Units) 1225
Figure 227: Latin & Central America Private LTE & 5G Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1226
Figure 228: Latin & Central America Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1226
Figure 229: Latin & Central America Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1227
Figure 230: Middle East & Africa Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1228
Figure 231: Middle East & Africa Private LTE & 5G RAN Revenue: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1228
Figure 232: Middle East & Africa Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1229
Figure 233: Middle East & Africa Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1229
Figure 234: Middle East & Africa Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1230
Figure 235: Middle East & Africa Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipments in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 – 2030 1230
Figure 236: Middle East & Africa Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipment Revenue in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1231
Figure 237: Middle East & Africa Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1231
Figure 238: Middle East & Africa Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1232
Figure 239: Middle East & Africa Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1233
Figure 240: Middle East & Africa Private LTE & 5G Small Cell Unit Shipments in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 – 2030 (Thousands of Units) 1233
Figure 241: Middle East & Africa Private LTE & 5G Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1234
Figure 242: Middle East & Africa Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1234
Figure 243: Middle East & Africa Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1235
Figure 244: Middle East & Africa Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1236
Figure 245: Middle East & Africa Private LTE & 5G Small Cell Unit Shipments in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 – 2030 (Thousands of Units) 1236
Figure 246: Middle East & Africa Private LTE & 5G Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1237
Figure 247: Middle East & Africa Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1237
Figure 248: Middle East & Africa Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1238
Figure 249: North America Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1239
Figure 250: North America Private LTE & 5G RAN Revenue: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1239
Figure 251: North America Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1240
Figure 252: North America Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1240
Figure 253: North America Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1241
Figure 254: North America Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipments in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 – 2030 1241
Figure 255: North America Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipment Revenue in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1242
Figure 256: North America Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1242
Figure 257: North America Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1243
Figure 258: North America Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1244
Figure 259: North America Private LTE & 5G Small Cell Unit Shipments in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 – 2030 (Thousands of Units) 1244
Figure 260: North America Private LTE & 5G Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1245
Figure 261: North America Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1245
Figure 262: North America Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1246
Figure 263: North America Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1247
Figure 264: North America Private LTE & 5G Small Cell Unit Shipments in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 – 2030 (Thousands of Units) 1247
Figure 265: North America Private LTE & 5G Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1248
Figure 266: North America Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1248
Figure 267: North America Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1249
Figure 268: Western Europe Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1250
Figure 269: Western Europe Private LTE & 5G RAN Revenue: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1250
Figure 270: Western Europe Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1251
Figure 271: Western Europe Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1251
Figure 272: Western Europe Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1252
Figure 273: Western Europe Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipments in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 – 2030 1252
Figure 274: Western Europe Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipment Revenue in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1253
Figure 275: Western Europe Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1253
Figure 276: Western Europe Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue in Critical Communications & Industrial IoT: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1254
Figure 277: Western Europe Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1255
Figure 278: Western Europe Private LTE & 5G Small Cell Unit Shipments in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 – 2030 (Thousands of Units) 1255
Figure 279: Western Europe Private LTE & 5G Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1256
Figure 280: Western Europe Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1256
Figure 281: Western Europe Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue in Enterprise & Campus Environments: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1257
Figure 282: Western Europe Private LTE & 5G Network Infrastructure Revenue in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1258
Figure 283: Western Europe Private LTE & 5G Small Cell Unit Shipments in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 – 2030 (Thousands of Units) 1258
Figure 284: Western Europe Private LTE & 5G Small Cell Unit Shipment Revenue in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1259
Figure 285: Western Europe Private LTE & 5G Mobile Core Revenue in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1259
Figure 286: Western Europe Private LTE & 5G Backhaul & Transport Revenue in Public Venues & Other Neutral Hosts: 2020 – 2030 ($ Million) 1260
Figure 287: Global Share of Unlicensed/Shared Spectrum Private LTE & 5G Base Station Unit Shipments by Frequency Band: 2020 (%) 1266