The Asia Pacific Electricity Market Outlook: Country profiles of supply, demand, regulation and infrastructure

China is the world’s second largest consumer of energy, consuming more than 11% of the world’s total electricity consumption. It is second to only to the US in electricity consumption. China has in excess of 792,530 MW of installed electricity generating capacity with new capacity additions on an almost daily basis. Coal is the main source of fuel for electricity production in China, but recently, the demand for natural gas has also increased in the power sector, mainly because of environmental reasons. In the past few years, China’s production and consumption have increased rapidly.

India is presently the sixth largest electricity generating country in the world and accounts for about 4% of the world's total electricity generation. It is also currently ranked sixth in terms of annual electricity consumption, accounting for about 3.5% of the world's total annual electricity consumption.

Japan’s power industry is divided in to ten regions and each region is dominated by one privately owned, integrated power company, each of which acts as a regional monopoly in its own area. The largest of these is the Tokyo Electric Power Company (TEPCO). These companies account for more than three quarters of Japan’s electricity capacity and also control the country’s regional transmission and distribution infrastructure. Other players in the electricity market are the Japan Atomic Power Company (JAPC), which operates three nuclear power plants, and the Electric Power Development Company (known as J-Power), which operates 16GW of hydroelectric and thermal power plants.

Key features of this report

• Profiles of each country’s electricity infrastructure including electricity networks and their ownership, and generation capacities.
• An understanding of Asia Pacific electricity regulation, including local legislation, competitive conditions and market reforms.
• Electricity supply data in TeraWattHours as well as production, power imports and exports by country.
• Gas demand data by consumer type divided into residential, non-residential and power generation in MegaWatts.

Key findings from this report

1. In China's power market, 50% of generation comes from central government-owned power companies, which include five power generators and two nuclear power generators; 40% comes from local government-owned power companies; and private and foreign independent power producers hold only a 10% market share.
2. Annual electricity generation and consumption in India have increased by about 64% over the past decade, and India's projected rate of increase for electricity consumption—estimated at as much as 8–10% annually through to 2020— is one of the highest in the world.
3. Hong Kong's total installed electricity capacity is around 10,664MW. The country imports its fuels for power generation from China. Coal being the major fuel followed by natural gas.

The Asia Pacific Electricity Market Outlook

Chapter 1 China

Market summary

Supply and demand balance

Supply overview

Demand overview

Regulatory structure

Infrastructure

Generation capacity

Electricity networks

Chapter 2 Hong Kong

Market summary

Supply and demand balance

Supply overview

Demand overview

Regulatory structure

Infrastructure

Generation capacity

Electricity networks

Chapter 3 India

Market summary

Supply and demand balance

Supply overview

Demand overview

Regulatory structure

Infrastructure

Generation capacity

Electricity networks

Chapter 4 Japan

Market summary

Supply and demand balance

Supply overview

Demand overview

Regulatory structure

Mergers and Acquisitions

Wholesale Environment

Infrastructure

Generation capacity

Electricity networks

Chapter 5 New South Wales

Market summary

Supply and demand balance

Supply overview

Demand overview

Regulatory structure

Infrastructure

Generation capacity

Electricity networks

Chapter 6 New Zealand

Market summary

Supply and demand balance

Supply overview

Demand overview

Regulatory structure

Infrastructure

Generation capacity

Electricity networks

Chapter 7 Queensland

Market summary

Supply and demand balance

Supply overview

Demand overview

Regulatory structure

Infrastructure

Generation capacity

Electricity networks

Chapter 8 Singapore

Market summary

Supply and demand balance

Supply overview

Demand overview

Regulatory structure

Infrastructure

Electricity networks

Chapter 9 South Australia

Market summary

Supply and demand balance

Supply overview

Demand overview

Regulatory structure

Infrastructure

Generation capacity

Electricity Networks

Chapter 10 South Korea

Market summary

Supply and demand balance

Supply overview

Demand overview

Regulatory structure

Wholesale Environment

Infrastructure

Generation capacity

Electricity networks

Chapter 11 Tasmania

Market summary

Supply and demand balance

Supply overview

Demand overview

Regulatory structure

Infrastructure

Generation capacity

Electricity Networks

Chapter 12 Victoria

Market summary

Supply and demand balance

Supply overview

Demand overview

Regulatory structure

Infrastructure

Generation capacity

Electricity networks

Chapter 13 Western Australia

Market summary

Supply and demand balance

Supply overview

Demand overview

Regulatory structure

Infrastructure

Generation capacity

Electricity Networks

Appendix

Definitions

List of Figures

Figure 1.1: China, power production by fuel input (%), 2008

Figure 1.2: China, power production by fuel input (TWh), 1990-2008e

Figure 1.3: China, power sectional consumption (%), 2008

Figure 1.4: China, power historic and forecast consumption (TWh), 1990-2020

Figure 1.5: China, power production capacity (MW), 2008e

Figure 2.6: Hong Kong, power production by fuel input (%), 2008e

Figure 2.7: Hong Kong, power production by fuel input (TWh), 1990-2008e

Figure 2.8: Hong Kong, power sectional consumption (%), 2008e

Figure 2.9: Hong Kong, power consumption historic and forecast (TWh), 1990-2020

Figure 2.10: Hong Kong, power production capacity (MW), 2008e

Figure 3.11: India, power production by fuel input (%), 2008

Figure 3.12: India, power production by fuel input (TWh), 1990-2008e

Figure 3.13: India, power sectoral consumption (%), 2008e

Figure 3.14: India, power consumption historic and forecast (TWh), 1990-2020

Figure 3.15: India, power production capacity (MW), 2008e

Figure 4.16: Japan, power production by fuel input (%), 2008e

Figure 4.17: Japan, power production by fuel input (TWh), 1990-2008e

Figure 4.18: Japan, power sectoral consumption (%), 2008e

Figure 4.19: Japan, power consumption historic and forecast (TWh), 1990-2020

Figure 4.20: Japan, power production capacity (MW), 2008e

Figure 5.21: Australia, power production by fuel input (%), 2008

Figure 5.22: Australia, power sectoral consumption (%), 2008

Figure 5.23: Australia, power consumption historic and forecast (TWh), 2006-2020

Figure 6.24: New Zealand, power production by fuel input (%), 2008

Figure 6.25: New Zealand, power production by fuel input (TWh), 1990-2008e

Figure 6.26: New Zealand, power sectoral consumption (%), 2008

Figure 6.27: New Zealand, power consumption historic and forecast (TWh), 1990-2020

Figure 7.28: Australia, power production by fuel input (%), 2008e

Figure 7.29: Australia, power sectoral consumption (%), 2008e

Figure 7.30: Queensland, power consumption historic and forecast (TWh), 2006-2020

Figure 8.31: Singapore, power production by fuel input (%), 2008

Figure 8.32: Singapore, power sectoral consumption (%), 2008

Figure 8.33: Singapore, power consumption historic and forecast (TWh), 1990-2020

Figure 8.34: Singapore, power production capacity (%), 2008

Figure 9.35: Australia, power production by fuel input (%), 2008

Figure 9.36: Australia, power sectoral consumption (%), 2008

Figure 9.37: South Australia, power consumption historic and forecast (TWh), 2006-2020

Figure 10.38: South Korea, power production by fuel input (%), 2008

Figure 10.39: South Korea, power production by fuel input (TWh), 1990-2008e

Figure 10.40: South Korea, power sectoral consumption (%), 2008e

Figure 10.41: South Korea, power consumption historic and forecast (TWh), 1990-2020

Figure 10.42: South Korea, power production capacity (MW), 2008e

Figure 11.43: Australia, power production by fuel input (%), 2008

Figure 11.44: Australia, power sectoral consumption (%), 2008e

Figure 11.45: Tasmania, power consumption historic and forecast (TWh), 2006-2020

Figure 12.46: Australia, power production by fuel input (%), 2008

Figure 12.47: Australia, power sectoral consumption (%), 2008e

Figure 12.48: Victoria, power consumption historic and forecast (TWh), 2006-2020

Figure 13.49: Australia, power production by fuel input (%), 2008

Figure 13.50: Australia, power sectoral consumption (%), 2008e

Figure 13.51: Western Australia, power consumption historic and forecast (TWh), 2006-2020

List of Tables

Table 1.1: China, power supply and demand balance (TWh), 2007-2008e

Table 2.2: Hong Kong, power supply and demand balance (TWh), 2007-2008e

Table 3.3: India, power supply and demand balance (TWh), 2007-2008e

Table 4.4: Japan, power supply and demand balance (TWh), 2007-2008e

Table 5.5: Australia, power supply and demand balance (TWh), 2007-2008e

Table 6.6: New Zealand, power supply and demand balance (TWh), 2007-2008

Table 7.7: Australia, power supply and demand balance (TWh), 2007-2008

Table 8.8: Singapore, power supply and demand balance (TWh), 2007-2008e

Table 9.9: Australia, power supply and demand balance (TWh), 2007-2008e

Table 10.10: South Korea, power supply and demand balance (TWh), 2007-2008

Table 11.11: Australia, power supply and demand balance (TWh), 2007-2008

Table 12.12: Australia, power supply and demand balance (TWh), 2007-2008

Table 13.13: Australia, power supply and demand balance (TWh), 2007-2008