Asian Vaccine Markets: India, China, Japan, Korea, Indonesia and Rest of Asia

Report Summary

The Asian vaccine market is relatively small compared to its population, yet it is growing, and pharmaceutical manufacturers increasingly will look to boost sales from these emerging vaccine markets. The population of nearly 4 billion people throughout Asia accounts for more than half of the global population, yet currently it is Western markets which lead vaccine sales. This hasn't stopped companies from investing in Asian vaccine markets.
The graying of the population in Asia and the growth in some regions such as India and China are primary indicators of the potential for vaccine markets. This has encouraged market participants to increase spending in research and development and distribution facilities in Asian countries. This report examines the market for vaccines used in humans for various types of disease. It covers only commercialized vaccines and developmental vaccines for diseases that are already vaccine-preventable; it does not cover emerging vaccines for diseases that are not currently vaccine-preventable.

As part of its coverage, this report includes:

• Estimated Market Sizes for Pediatric Preventive Vaccines by Type in Asia (Influenz, Hepatitis, HPV, Pneumococcal, Combinations, Other Childhood Diseases)
• Estimated Market Sizes for Adult Preventive Vaccines by Type in Asia (Influenza, Hepatitis, HPV, Travel and Endemic, Others) 2006 - 2014
• Total Vaccine Market and Projections for Asian Countries: India, China, Japan, Korea, Indonesia and Rest of Asia
• Major Manufacturers' Shares of the Asian Adult and Pediatric Vaccine Market, 2010
• Profiles of Top Participating Companies
• Discussion of Regulatory Trends and IP Trends
• Disease Statistics and Government Immunization Information
• Manufacturer Strategies in Asian Countries

Discussion of Current and Emerging Delivery Options Systems

Key issues in the global vaccine market today include product safety, refusal to immunize, supply shortages, the use of vaccines to prevent pandemics and address bioterrorism, and innovations in vaccine delivery systems. Vaccination has played an enormous role in the prevention of disease, having had the greatest impact on human health of any medical intervention. As a result, vaccine-preventable diseases and their resulting deaths are now rare in the developed world. However, developing nations have not benefited as much from the introduction of vaccines. Additionally, other issues such as vaccine safety, shortages and bioterrorism continue to weigh upon the industry.

The following companies are profiled in this report:

• Bavarian Nordic A/S
• Baxter International
• Crucell
• Emergent Biosolutions
• GlaxoSmithKline
• Merck
• Novartis
• Pfizer Inc
• Sanofi Pasteur
• Sinovac Biotech, Ltd

For the purpose of this report, secondary research into company reports, medical journals, trade publications and government reports was combined with primary research interviews of executives in the industry. In addition to this report, Kalorama has published research on the European vaccine industry and a look at what vaccines are in the pipeline in the future. Please see our website, www.kaloramainformation.com for more details on these studies.

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It is estimated that at least two million children die each year from diseases that could have been prevented by already existing vaccines. More than 1.2 million of these deaths, 90% of which occur in the developing world, are a result of pneumococcal diseases, according to the WHO. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV) are taking aim at these diseases and healthcare market research publisher Kalorama Information estimates in its new report, Asian Vaccine Markets, that PCV revenue in Asia grew 18.1% annually since 2006 to reach $442 million in 2010.

"Pneumococcus is a leading cause of serious illness worldwide, and is the most frequent cause of pneumonia, blood infections, sinusitis, and middle ear infections," said Bruce Carlson, publisher of Kalorama Information. "Although all age groups may be affected, the highest rate of pneumococcal disease occurs in young children and the elderly."

In early 2010, the United Nations unveiled an action plan designed to save the lives of 10 million women and children over the next five years. Part of the UN's Millennium Development Goals, the plan calls for increased coverage of three important pediatric vaccines: PCV, rotavirus vaccine, and Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccine. It is supported in part by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, which committed $1.5 billion in funding. The initiative is expected to support continued growth of these vaccines.

As noted in Kalorama's report, PCV products include Pfizer's pneumococcal 7-valent conjugate vaccine Prevnar, which is approved for use in children and targets the seven most prevalent serotypes of pneumococcal bacteria (diphtheria CRM197 protein containing 4,6B,9V,14,18C,19F, and 23F). These are among the most resistant to antibiotics and cause 80% of pneumococcal disease in infants, including bloodstream infections and meningitis. The vaccine is 97% protective against invasive pneumococcal disease caused by vaccine serotypes in fully vaccinated children.

"With the continued expansion of Pfizer's Prevnar line, as well as the proliferation of new products from local and foreign manufacturers and distributors, we expect pneumococcal vaccine revenues to continue their double digit annual growth through 2014," said Carlson.

Asian Vaccine Markets details and analyzes the Asian market for pediatric and adult vaccines and provides forecasts through 2014. Data covers India, China, Japan, Korea, Indonesia and Rest of Asia. A review of regulatory and IP issues, disease statistics and manufacturer strategies, as well as profiles of top participating companies are included.

Table Of Contents

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

THE ASIAN VACCINES MARKET
Scope and Methodology
Vaccine Overview
Pediatric Preventative Vaccines
Adult Preventative Vaccines
Total Market
Issues and Trends

INTRODUCTION TO VACCINES
Vaccines and The Immune Response
Mechanism of Action
Types of Vaccines
Attenuated (Weakened) Live Viruses
Killed (Inactivated) Viruses
Toxoid Vaccines
Genetically Engineered/Modified Vaccines
Subunit Vaccines
Conjugate Vaccines
DNA Vaccination
Development of Vaccines in Asian Markets
Vaccine Approval Process

PEDIATRIC PREVENTIVE VACCINES
Introduction
Vaccine Coverage Rates by Country
China
India
Japan
United Nations Initiatives
Pediatric Vaccine Products
BCG
Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis, Hepatitis B and Polio
Diphtheria
Pertussis
Tetanus
Hepatitis B
Poliomyelitis
Haemophilus Influenzae Type B
Hepatitis A
Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination
Gardasil
Cervarix
Measles, Mumps and Rubella
Measles
Mumps
Rubella
Meningococcal Disease
Pneumococcal Conjugate
Rotavirus
Varicella
Pediatric Vaccines in Development
The Asian Market for Pediatric Preventive Vaccines
Total Asian Market Size and Forecast
Asian Market by Product Type
Influenza
Hepatitis A & B
HPV
Childhood Vaccines
Pneumococcal
Combinations
Other Childhood Vaccines
Others
Major Manufacturer’s Market Share—Pediatric Vaccines

ADULT PREVENTIVE VACCINES
Introduction
Adult Vaccine-Preventable Diseases: Facts and Figures
Global Influenza Surveillance Program
Recommendations for Adult Immunizations
WHO International Health Regulations
Adult Vaccine Products
BCG
Cholera
Diphtheria-Tetanus
Hepatitis
Hepatitis A
Hepatitis B
Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)
Gardasil
Cervarix
Influenza
Pandemic Influenza
Avian Flu
Swine Flu
Japanese Encephalitis
Meningitis
Pneumococcal Disease
Rabies
Typhoid Fever
Yellow Fever
Adult Vaccines in Development
The Asian Market for Adult Preventive Vaccines
Total Asian Market Size and Forecast
Asian Market by Product Type
Influenza
Hepatitis
HPV
Travel/Endemic Vaccines
Others
Major Manufacturer’s Market Share—Adult Vaccines

VACCINES MARKET SUMMARY
Trends Driving the Vaccines Market
Market Size and Forecast
Vaccine Sales by Region
Vaccine Market Competitors

ISSUES AND TRENDS
Changes in the Regulatory Structure in Asia-Pacific
Global Immunization Trends
Intellectual Property Concerns
Vaccine Safety
Refusal to Immunize
Obesity
World Health Organization
The Future of Vaccine Safety
Manufacturer Strategies
Acquisitions and Alliances
Access to Medicine Programs
Global Expansion
Manufacturer Risks and Market Inhibitors
Investment Risk in Emerging Growth Markets
Investment Risks for Domestic Chinese Companies
Equitable pricing
Vaccine Shortages
Influenza Vaccine Manufacturing Difficulties
Financial incentives
Preventing Shortages in Developing Nations
Vaccine Bonds
Preventing Pandemics
Vaccines and Bioterrorism
Overview
Smallpox
Tularemia
Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers
DNA Vaccination
Innovations in Vaccine Delivery Systems
Edible Vaccines
Mucosal Delivery
Intranasal Delivery
Vaccine Patches
Vaccine Microneedle Chips
Innovations in Vaccine Production
Plant-Based Production
Insects
Nanoparticle Systems
Variations in Vaccination Schedules and Recommendations

COMPANY PROFILES
Bavarian Nordic A/S
History and Lines of Business
Strategic Alliances
Vaccine Products
Financial Information
Baxter International
History and Lines of Business
Vaccine Products
Financial Information
Crucell
History and Lines of Business
Strategic Alliances
Vaccine Products
Financial Information
Emergent Biosolutions
History and Lines of Business
Strategic Acquisition and Alliance
Vaccine Products
Financial
GlaxoSmithKline
History and Lines of Business
Strategic Alliances
Vaccine Products
Financial Information
Merck
History and Lines of Business
Strategic Alliances
Vaccine Products
Financial Information
Novartis
History and Lines of Business
Strategic Alliances
Vaccine Products
Financial Information
Pfizer Inc
History and Lines of Business
Vaccine Products
Financial Information
Sanofi Pasteur
History and Lines of Business
Strategic Alliances
Vaccine Products
Financial Information
Sinovac Biotech, Ltd
History and Lines of Business
Strategic Alliances
Vaccine Products
Financial Information

COMPANY DIRECTORY

List of Exhibits

CHAPTER ONE: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Table 1-1: Estimated Market Sizes for Preventive Vaccines by Target Age Group in Asia 2006 - 2014
Figure 1-1: Estimated Market Sizes for Preventive Vaccines in Asian 2006 - 2014 Issues and Trends

CHAPTER TWO: INTRODUCTION TO VACCINES
Table 2-1: Impact of Vaccines in the 20th Century Annual Morbidity in the 20th Century vs 2009 (United States)
Table 2-2: Changes in Preventable Disease Incidence, Japan AnnualIncidence 1985 vs 2008
Table 2-3: Vaccine-Preventable Diseases, June 2010
Table 2-4: Vaccine Research Trials by Region
Figure 2-1: SFDA Drug Approval and Production Approval Processes

CHAPTER THREE: PEDIATRIC PREVENTIVE VACCINES
Table 3-1: Global Immunization Rates by Vaccine Type 2008
Table 3-2: China Immunization Rates by Vaccine Type 1985 and 2008
Table 3-3: India Immunization Rates by Vaccine Type 1985 and 2008
Table 3-4: Japan Immunization Rates by Vaccine Type 1985 and 2008
Table 3-5: Selected Pediatric Vaccines in Development
Table 3-6: Estimated Market Sizes for Pediatric Preventive Vaccines in Asia 2006 - 2014
Table 3-1: Estimated Market Sizes for Pediatric Preventive Vaccines inAsia 2006 - 2014
Table 3-7: Estimated Market Sizes for Pediatric Preventive Vaccines by Type in Asia 2006 - 2014
Figure 3-2: Estimated Market Sizes for Pediatric Preventive Vaccines by Type in Asia, by Percent, 2010
Table 3-8: Major Manufacturers’ Shares of the Pediatric Asian Preventive Vaccine Market, 2010
Figure 3-3: 2010 Asian Pediatric Vaccines Market Share, by Leading Competitors

CHAPTER FOUR: ADULT PREVENTIVE VACCINES
Table 4-1: Recommended Universal Adult Immunization Schedule 2010
Table 4-2: Recommended Adult Immunization Schedule for Populations with Special Medical Conditions, 2010
Table 4-3: WHO Pandemic Classification Schedule
Table 4-4: Cumulative Number of Confirmed Human Cases of Avian Influenza A/(H5N1) Reported to WHO
Table 4-5: Risk for Japanese Encephalitis, by Country1
Table 4-6: Yellow Fever Vaccination Requirements for Travelers to Selected Asian Countries
Table 4-7: Selected Adult Preventive Vaccines in Development, 2010 Selected Adult Preventive Vaccines in Development, 2010
Table 4-8: Estimated Market Sizes for Adult Preventive Vaccinesin Asia 2006 - 2014
Figure 4-1: Estimated Market Sizes for Adult Preventive Vaccines in Asia 2006 - 2014
Table 4-9: Estimated Market Sizes for Adult Preventive Vaccines by Type in Asia 2006 - 2014
Figure 4-2: Estimated Market Sizes for Adult Preventive Vaccines by Typein Asia, by Percent, 2010
Table 4-10: Major Manufacturers’ Shares of the Adult Asian Preventive Vaccine Market, 2010
Figure 4-3: 2010 Asian Adult Vaccines Market Share, byLeading Competitors

CHAPTER FIVE: VACCINES MARKET SUMMARY
Table 5-1: Estimated Market Sizes for Preventive Vaccines by Target Age Group in Asia 2006 - 2014
Table 5-1: Estimated Market Sizes for Preventive Vaccines in Asian 2006 - 2014 111
Figure 5-2: Asian Market for Vaccines Share by Type, 2006, 2010 and 2014
Table 5-2: Estimated Market Sizes for Adult and Pediatric Preventive Vaccines by Asian Region (Japan, China, India, Rest of Asia) 2006 - 2014
Figure 5-3 : Estimated Market Sizes for Adult and Pediatric Preventive Vaccines by Asian Region (Japan, China, India, Rest of Asia) 2006 - 2014
Figure 5-4: Estimated Market Sizes for Adult and Pediatric Preventive Vaccines by Asian Region, by Percent, 2010
Table 5-3: Major Manufacturers’ Shares of the Total Asian Preventive Vaccine Market, 2010
Figure 5-5: 2010 Asian Vaccines Market Share, by Leading Competitors

CHAPTER SIX: ISSUES AND TRENDS
Table 6-1: United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) Indicative Budget Pricing Table for Major Antigens, 2010
Table 6-2: Vaccination Schedules by Selected Country